Sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma

Abstract

With the increasing number of transgenic mouse models of human brain diseases, there is a need for a sensitive method that allows assessing quantitative whole brain perfusion within a reasonable scan time. Arterial spin labeling (ASL), an MRI technique that permits the noninvasive quantification of cerebral blood flow, has been used to assess rodents brain perfusion. For mice, the reported experiments performed with continuous or pulsed ASL were challenged by poor multislice capability, limited sensitivity, or quantification issues. Here, the recently proposed pseudo‐continuous ASL strategy, which has shown great promise for human studies, was investigated for mouse brain perfusion imaging at 11.75 T. Pseudo‐continuous ASL was experimentally optimized and compared with a standard flow‐sensitive alternating inversion recovery sequence for sensitivity, robustness, absolute quantification, and multislice imaging capability. A sensitivity gain up to 40% and clear advantages for multislice imaging are obtained with pseudo‐continuous ASL. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Recurrent prognostic factors and expression of GLUT-1, PI3K and p-Akt in adenoid cystic carcinomas of the head and neck: Clinicopathological features and biomarkers of adenoid cystic carcinoma

“…Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the minor salivary glands, including the larynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, external auditory canal and trachea, is uncommon (1)(2)(3)(4). ACC is noted for its slow growth and indolent course and, as with ACC in the major salivary glands, patients with ACC of these sites often experience recurrence and distant metastases many years after diagnosis and definitive treatment (5).…”

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skull base: results with an aggressive multidisciplinary approach

“…In addition, we confirmed previous data showing that chemotherapy does not alter outcome in patients with ACC. 38 Finally, the presence of perineural invasion was a significant, negative prognostic factor; its presence significantly impacted survival by > 50%.…”

“…These include resections with negative microscopic margins (including exploration and resection of involved cranial nerves 13 ) and the use of adjuvant radiotherapy, which demonstrated statistical significance even in multivariate analysis. 38 Adjuvant radiation also seemed to triple PFS. On the other hand, the use of primary radiation therapy without surgery resulted in significant survival disadvantage.…”

“…However, the vast majority of the patients in our series were mixed pathologically without a standardized methodology of quantifying the solid component of tumor, thus rendering statistical analysis unreliable. 38 Finally, the availability of molecular status on these tumors was inconsistent, making inferences regarding molecular influence impossible.…”

“…3,4,27,43,45 Standard therapy for this malignancy has most commonly included a strategy of local resection followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. 6,13,16,17,23,24,28,30,35,38,39,43,46,47,52 Chemotherapy using agents such as carboplatinum and paclitaxel has been used, but with limited results. 2,11,12,15,26,27,36,41,44,[48][49][50] ACC can arise in any salivary gland, both major and minor.…”