Sinopsis geológica de la Cuenca de Burgos, noreste de México: producción y recursos petroleros

Abstract

tiene un prisma sedimentario con 5000 m de rocas siliciclásticas del Cenozoico y 3000 m de carbonatos, evaporitas y rocas siliciclásticas del Mesozoico. Las sucesiones estratigráficas comprenden ciclos de depósitos transgresivos y regresivos, con discordancias que delimitan varias secuencias. Esta cuenca presenta diversos eventos tectónicos sobrepuestos. Su basamento consta de rocas metamórficas e ígneas, con fallas de extensión por rifting vinculado con la apertura del Golfo de México. Otro evento tectónico está caracterizado por subsidencia cortical y acumulación de sedimentos marinos pretectónicos y sintectónicos, desde el Jurásico Tardío hasta el Eoceno. El periodo de deformación laramídica está representado por un nivel de desprendimiento superior, pliegues suaves, fallas de crecimiento y superficies de profunda erosión (48.5 y 39.5 Ma). La etapa postectónica presenta levantamiento cortical durante el Oligoceno asociado con fallas de extensión profunda, desprendimiento y desacople de la cubierta sedimentaria sobre evaporitas del Jurásico, con discordancias mayores (30 Ma). Este evento dio origen a la formación inicial del Cinturón Plegado Perdido. Finalmente, una fase de deformación tardía, durante el Oligoceno tardío-Neógeno al Reciente, ha acumulado espesores potentes de siliciclastos que progradan hacia el Golfo de México, con fallas de crecimiento asociadas a diapiros de arcilla y de sal del Jurásico, con deformación tardía del Cinturón Plegado Perdido. En esta cuenca se han descubierto más de 220 campos petroleros terrestres en rocas del Cenozoico y del Cretácico, y se han producido más de 8x10 12 ft 3 de gas seco y condensado subordinado en 60 años de explotación. La siguiente etapa será continuar la exploración en tierra y mar para descubrir nuevos plays productores en trampas estratigráficas, estructuras mesozoicas y reservas de gas y aceite en la parte marina.

Analogue model of gravity driven deformation in the salt tectonics zone of northeastern Mexico

“…The recognition of basement shortening and its relevance to deformation in the Burgos Basin is not a new idea and was already pointed out previously by Pérez-Cruz (1992). Two major erosional unconformities in the Burgos Basin at 48.5 and 39.5 Ma have been linked to orogenic deformation pulses (Eguiluz de Antuñano, 2011). Furthermore, the profile interpreted and reported by Escalera-Alcocer (2010) shows eastward vergent blind thrusting, affecting the pre-Jurassic basement and the Cretaceous sequence in the Burgos Basin just below the assumed zone of original salt deposition.…”

“…The front of the fold-and-thrust belt of the Sierra Madre Oriental is located below the extension zone in the mexican profiles where folding and thrusting of the pre-Jurassic basement has been observed (Pérez-Cruz, 1992;Macías, 2007;Escalera-Alcocer, 2010; Figure 1). This deformation is probably related to the advance of the Laramide orogen front that arrived to the present-day position of the Sierra Madre Oriental front in the Paleocene (Pérez-Cruz, 1992;Eguiluz de Antuñano, 2011). Eastward tilting of the margin and subsidence was probably the main effect of the upward growth of the Laramide orogen in the area.…”

“…To reproduce the ductile creep of the salt layer we have used a silicone fluid similar to SGM36 (Weijermars and Schmelling, 1986) produced by GELEST with a density of 950 kg/m 3 ; thus, yielding a higher density contrast (~1.5) than the ratio sedimentary overburden/salt in the natural prototype (~1.2). We have added an initial layer of silicone of around 1 cm thick, with a viscosity of η = 2.3 10 4 Pa•s measured with a rotational viscometer; this material maintained the newtonian behavior when subjected to an engineering strain rate of ~3.61×10 -6 s -1 at the Galloway et al, 2000;Pérez-Cruz, 1992;Fiduk et al, 1999;Ortiz-Ubilla and Tolson, 2004;Eguiluz de Antuñano, 2011;SENER, SHCP, and CNH, 2015); and the mechanical stratigraphy used for the construction of the models. (Ge et al, 1997;Rowan et al, 2012) or the dominant gliding setup Brun and Fort, 2011;.…”

“…In northeastern Mexico the extensional domain corresponds to the Burgos Basin, and the contractional domain located in deepwater at the mexican part of the Perdido fold and thrust belt (Pérez-Cruz, 1992;Ortiz-Ubilla and Tolson, 2004;Macías, 2007; Figure 1. a) Location of the study area in the Gulf of Mexico; b) Sketch map showing the Laramide orogenic front (blue lines), the prograding fluvial-delta systems (blue arrows): Houston-Brazos (HB), Colorado (C), Guadalupe (G), Grande (RG) rivers and Río Bravo (RB) (after Diegel et al, 1995: Galloway et al, 20002011;Rowan et al, 2004, Grando andMcClay, 2004;English et al, 2003), and the structures in the mexican part of the salt tectonics provinces (SENER, SHCP, and CNH, 2015); c) Examples of geological sections interpreted by selected authors and their location within the salt tectonics province: A, Peel et al (1995); B, Escalera-Alcocer (2010) and C, Macías, 2007. Section -Alcocer, 2010;Eguiluz de Antuñano, 2011).…”

“…a) Location of the study area in the Gulf of Mexico; b) Sketch map showing the Laramide orogenic front (blue lines), the prograding fluvial-delta systems (blue arrows): Houston-Brazos (HB), Colorado (C), Guadalupe (G), Grande (RG) rivers and Río Bravo (RB) (after Diegel et al, 1995: Galloway et al, 20002011;Rowan et al, 2004, Grando andMcClay, 2004;English et al, 2003), and the structures in the mexican part of the salt tectonics provinces (SENER, SHCP, and CNH, 2015); c) Examples of geological sections interpreted by selected authors and their location within the salt tectonics province: A, Peel et al (1995); B, Escalera-Alcocer (2010) and C, Macías, 2007. Section -Alcocer, 2010;Eguiluz de Antuñano, 2011). As in the United States counterpart, the system is deformed by differential loading; however, a closer inspection of some available seismic sections indicates that the extensional domain partially overlaps on the Laramide orogenic front in the western Burgos Basin limit in the Eocene (see map in Figure 1; Pérez-Cruz, 1992;Eguiluz de Antuñano, 2004;Ortiz-Ubilla and Tolson, 2004;Macías, 2007;Escalera-Alcocer, 2010).…”