Sintering, crystallization, and properties of CaO doped cordierite-based glass–ceramics

Structural and optical properties of cordierite glass-ceramic doped in polyurethane matrix

“…The agreement between the XRD and the standard data in JCPDS file, number 84-1221, confirms cordieriteprecipitation. 20 However, because of utilizing low concentrations of cordierite in the polymer matrix, there were no peaks related to cordierite in the XRD pattern of the PU/cordierite.…”

Porous Cordierite Ceramics from Natural Clays / Poraina kordierīta keramika no dabiskiem māliem

“…Further increase of synthesis temperature is mainly for grain growth; the grains are usually nano-level at the start of synthesis and therefore highly reactive. This is the main reason for exceptionally low sintering temperatures [10]. The main disadvantage of this method (which is common for synthesis of any related material) is the high cost of raw materials, which, in turn, is due to the high purity required from these materials.…”

“…It is due to the need to completely melt the mixture of raw ingredients and, therefore, this temperature is no less than 1600 °C. The following steps definitely include repeated heating of obtained glass frit in order to induce cordierite crystallization in the final material [10]. The main advantage of this method is that the natural raw minerals can also be employed, provided that they are previously purified (which is required in order to precisely control crystallization product).…”

Solution combustion synthesis of α-cordierite

“…Chen [6] found that the replacement of MgO by CaO in the glass-ceramics fired at 900 • C also enables the crystallization of ␣-cordierite, whereas -cordierite becomes the secondary crystalline phase. Marghussian et al [7] concluded that the mixture of V 2 O 5 and BaO acts as an effective nucleation agent in the crystallization of cordierite glass-ceramics, promoting the crystallization of ␣-cordierite.…”

“…The traditional methods of cordierite powder preparation rely on annealing of suitable material mixtures (talc, clay, gibbsite, alumina, magnesite) above 1300 • C [16], or crystallization of some glasses having an appropriate composition [4,6,7]. Kurama and Kurama [17] used rice husk as raw material for the cordierite synthesis; they concluded that the formation of ␣-cordierite takes place at 1365 • C and is preceded by the intermediate formation of spinel and cristobalite.…”