Sinus Pericranii: Case Report

Abstract

Sinus pericranii (SP) is an abnormal communication between the intracranial and extracranial venous drainage pathways. Treatment of this condition has mainly been recommended for aesthetic reasons and prevention of hemorrhage. The authors report a conservative treatment for the potentially lethal complications.

Sinus Pericranii associated with Hypoplastic Straight Sinus and Persistent Falcine Sinus

“…Surgical removal (6,(15)(16)(17)(18) and direct venous or endovascular occlusion of the SP and its communicating veins (19,20) have been performed for cosmetic reasons or when increased intracranial pressure due to intracranial venous hypertension is a concern (10) . Other indications for SP treatment are to avoid some serious complications such as venous infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, bleeding, and air emboli, and to ameliorate cosmetic problems (21) and spontaneous thrombosis in an SP, which may occur (22) . However, spontaneous regression of sinus pericranii has been reported (23) .…”

Combined treatment of surgery and sclerotherapy for sinus pericranii

“…Previous reports on SP included surgical treatment, endovascular embolization, and conservative treatment (Table 1) [2,3,8,[12][13][14]. However, it is difficult to completely eliminate tiny residual venous malformations with surgical treatment alone, and in cases of residual or new lesions, the surgical treatment has complications due to the requirement of multiple scalp incisions [12].…”

“…Pathologically, it exhibits a direct communication between the nonmuscular veins adhering to the outer surface of the skull and the intracranial venous sinuses [1]. There are several etiologies for SP, such as congenital, spontaneous, and posttraumatic [2]. SP patients may present with mild (local pain, nausea, headache, and dizziness) to severe (increased intracranial pressure, bradypnea, bradycardia, ataxia, hearing loss, and epileptic seizures) symptoms [3].…”

A Simple Surgical Technique for Pediatric Sinus Pericranii: Intraoperative Manual Compression of a Major Shunting Point

“…Sinus pericranii (SP), which features abnormal venous connections between intracranial veins and intraperiosteum or subperiosteum veins, is rare [1][2][3]. SP can be congenital, spontaneous, or posttraumatic [4]. The preoperative diagnosis of SP is based on color Doppler ultrasound (CDU), MRI, CT, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) [1,3,[5][6][7].…”