Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie (1783–1862) – a pioneer rheumatologist

Abstract

Aim: Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie (1783-1862) was a London surgeon who investigated joint disease by observation and morbid anatomy in the first half of the 19th century. His descriptions of inflammatory joint disease have been referred to in the past, but only in a fragmentary way. This study aimed to provide more detail than previously, allowing for a new appreciation of his contributions. Methods:The authors used the first (1818), third (1834) and fifth (1850) editions of his book, Pathological and Surgical Observations on the Diseases of Joints, to provide his description of reactive arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.Results: Brodie's descriptions are admirably clear. He describes reactive arthritis in the first edition of his book more completely than authors before him and even Reiter a century later. He recognised that the conjunctivourethral-synovial syndrome can occur independently of gonorrhoea, that there are often repeated attacks, and that irits is a complication -the first indication that this syndrome might be part of what we now call seronegative spondyloarthritis. The fifth edition (1850) has among the earliest descriptions in English of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion:Brodie's understanding of rheumatic diseases, and his willingness to pass this knowledge on, demands that he be widely recognised as a pioneer rheumatologist.

The arthritis connection to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): why has it taken so long to understand it?

“…9 The very first actual description of Reiter's syndrome was made by the English physician Benjamin Brodie over a century earlier in 1818 where he observed a 45-year-old man with arthritis, urethritis and conjunctivitis. 10 In 1916, Reiter in Germany and Fiessinger-Leroy in France described postdysenteric cases of urethritis-arthritisconjunctivitis combinations occurring in soldiers living in close quarters during World War I. 11 The initial characterisation of the syndrome in USA was performed by Walter Bauer and Ephraim Engleman in 1942, describing the Reiter's triad in a 23-year-old man with no history of preceding diarrhoea or venereal disease; these investigators acknowledged 'until the aetiology is established, this symptom complex should be referred to as a syndrome rather than a disease'.…”