Sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk task dynamics are maintained during rising at an elevated seat-height independent of lead-limb in healthy individuals

Jones, Gareth D.; James, Darren C.; Thacker, Michael; Jones, Eleanor J; Green, David A.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.06.005

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Yet, compared to our study, their participants were taller, arms were constrained, and seat-height was lower. This suggests flexion-momentum time in healthy participants during rising is consistent irrespective of rising task, seat-height [ 13 ], and is not significantly affected by arm-use condition [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus in the present study, we tested healthy participants undertaking a low risk rising-to-walk protocol, suitable for neurologically impaired patients [ 13 ], leading with their non-dominant limb (analogous to an affected-limb in stroke [ 5 ]). In order to ensure our low risk protocol did not introduce task resemblance, we aimed to confirm expected biomechanical differences between STW and STSW reflective of self-selected pausing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parameters that remain consistent independent of pausing before gait-initiation during normal rise-to-walk behaviour delineated by sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk

et al. 2018

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BackgroundRising-to-walk is an everyday transitional movement task rarely employed in gait rehabilitation. Sit-to-walk (STW) and sit-to-stand-and-walk (STSW), where a pause separates sit-to-stand and gait-initiation (GI) represent extremes of rising-to-walk behaviour. Delayed GI can indicate pathological impairment but is also observed in healthy individuals. We hypothesise that healthy subjects express consistent biomechanical parameters, among others that differ, during successful rising-to-walk task performance regardless of behaviour. This study therefore sought to identify if any parameters are consistent between STW and STSW in health because they represent normal rise-to-walk performance independent of pause, and also because they represent candidate parameters sensitive enough to monitor change in pathology.MethodsTen healthy volunteers performed 5 trials of STW and STSW. Event timing, ground-reaction-forces (GRFs), whole-body-centre-of-mass (BCoM) displacement, and centre-of-pressure (CoP) to extrapolated BCoM (xCoM) distance (indicator of positional stability) up to the 3rd step were compared between-tasks with paired t-tests. For consistent parameters; agreement between-tasks was assessed using Bland-Altman analyses and minimal-detectable-change (MDC) calculations.ResultsMean vertical GRFs, peak forward momentum and fluidity during rising; CoP-xCoM separation at seat-off, upright, GI-onset, and steps1-2; and forward BCoM velocity were all significantly greater in STW. In contrast, peak BCoM vertical momentum, flexion-momentum time, and 3rd step stability were consistent between tasks and yielded acceptable reliability.ConclusionSTW is a more challenging task due to the merging of rising with GI reflected by greater CoP-xCoM separation compared to STSW indicative of more positional instability. However, BCoM vertical momentum, flexion-momentum time, and step3 stability remained consistent in healthy individuals and are therefore candidates with which to monitor change in gait rehabilitation following pathology. Future studies should impose typical pause-durations observed in pathology upon healthy subjects to determine if the parameters we have identified remain consistent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameters that remain consistent independent of pausing before gait-initiation during normal rise-to-walk behaviour delineated by sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk

et al. 2018

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“…These tasks are characterized by different levels of difficulty to maintain postural control. In the most difficult task, sit-to-walk, different components (sit to stand and gait initiation) are merged around the point of seat-off, that is essential to exploit the inertial characteristics of both tasks [9,10]. The preparatory postural phase is strictly related to the stepping phase and is underpinned by a consistent motor switching while maintaining balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural control deficit during sit-to-walk in patients with Parkinson’s disease and freezing of gait

et al. 2018

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“…The starting position causes an unusually wide initial stance [ 24 ], but one commonly adopted in patients [ 25 ] which is why it was selected as part of a standardised protocol selected for pathological populations to tolerate safely. Nevertheless, larger ML COP excursions in GI were typical when the protocol has been adopted previously [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and feasibility of gait initiation centre-of-pressure excursions using a Wii® Balance Board in older adults at risk of falling

et al. 2018

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Background Impairments in dynamic balance have a detrimental effect in older adults at risk of falls (OARF). Gait initiation (GI) is a challenging transitional movement. Centre of pressure (COP) excursions using force plates have been used to measure GI performance. The Nintendo Wii Balance Board (WBB) offers an alternative to a standard force plate for the measurement of CoP excursion. Aims To determine the reliability of COP excursions using the WBB, and its feasibility within a 4-week strength and balance intervention (SBI) treating OARF. Methods Ten OARF subjects attending SBI and ten young healthy adults, each performed three GI trials after 10 s of quiet stance from a standardised foot position (shoulder width) before walking forward 3 m to pick up an object. Averaged COP mediolateral (ML) and anteroposterior (AP) excursions (distance) and path-length time (GI-onset to first toe-off) were analysed. Results WBB ML (0.866) and AP COP excursion (0.895) reliability (ICC 3,1 ) was excellent, and COP path-length reliability was fair (0.517). Compared to OARF, healthy subjects presented with larger COP excursion in both directions and shorter COP path length. OARF subjects meaningfully improved their timed-up-and-go and ML COP excursion between weeks 1-4, while AP COP excursions, path length, and confidence-in-balance remained stable. Discussion COP path length and excursion directions probably measure different GI postural control attributes. Limitations in WBB accuracy and precision in transition tasks needs to be established before it can be used clinically to measure postural aspects of GI viably. Conclusions The WBB could provide valuable clinical evaluation of balance function in OARF.

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Sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk task dynamics are maintained during rising at an elevated seat-height independent of lead-limb in healthy individuals

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Parameters that remain consistent independent of pausing before gait-initiation during normal rise-to-walk behaviour delineated by sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk

Parameters that remain consistent independent of pausing before gait-initiation during normal rise-to-walk behaviour delineated by sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk

Postural control deficit during sit-to-walk in patients with Parkinson’s disease and freezing of gait

Reliability and feasibility of gait initiation centre-of-pressure excursions using a Wii® Balance Board in older adults at risk of falling

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