Site and extent of starch digestion of whole-plant maize silages differing in maturity stage and chop length, in dairy cows

Fernandez, Isabelle; Nozière, Pierre; Michalet-Doreau, B.

doi:10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.02.011

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The chemical composition of maize varies between different cultivars, ensiling processes, growth conditions and stages of maturity (Fernandez et al, 2004;Jensen et al, 2005;González et al, 2010). This variation results in variable rumen degradation of dietary nutrients (Ali et al, 2012) that should be taken into account when determining the feeding value of maize silages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information on the relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, starch and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of maize silages in the scientific literature is scarce. Several in situ studies have been conducted on maize silages to determine the effect of individual factors such as maturity stage (Johnson et al, 1999;Di Marco et al, 2002;Jensen et al, 2005), chop length (Fernandez et al, 2004) and ensiling (González et al, 2010) of maize crop on the rumen degradation of specific nutrients like DM (Von Keyserlingk et al, 1996), OM (Arieli et al, 1998), CP (Von Keyserlingk et al, 1996;Shannak et al, 2000), starch (Fernandez et al, 2004;Hindle et al, 2005) and NDF (Varga and Hoover, 1983;Stensig et al, 1994;Jensen et al, 2005). In addition, often in these studies only a limited number (n = 1 to 12) of samples were investigated and compared with other feedstuffs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of maize silages in dairy cows

Ali

Duinkerken

Cone

et al. 2014

Animal

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Several in situ studies have been conducted on maize silages to determine the effect of individual factors such as maturity stage, chop length and ensiling of maize crop on the rumen degradation but the information on the relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics remains scarce. The objectives of this study were to determine and describe relationships between the chemical composition and the rumen degradation characteristics of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, starch and aNDFom (NDF assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed exclusive of residual ash) of maize silages. In all, 75 maize silage samples were selected, with a broad range in chemical composition and quality parameters. The samples were incubated in the rumen for 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 72 and 336 h, using the nylon bag technique. Large range was found in the rumen degradable fractions of DM, OM, CP, starch and aNDFom because of the broad range in chemical composition and quality parameters. The new database with in situ rumen degradation characteristics of DM, OM, CP, starch and aNDFom of the maize silages was obtained under uniform experimental conditions; same cows, same incubation protocol and same chemical analysis procedures. Regression equations were developed with significant predictors (P < 0.05) describing moderate and weak relationships between the chemical composition and the washout fraction, rumen undegradable fraction, potentially rumen degradable fraction, fractional degradation rate and effective rumen degradable fraction of DM, OM, CP, starch and aNDFom.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of maize silages in dairy cows

Ali

Duinkerken

Cone

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…Earlier studies show that maize maturity at harvest strongly affects the performance of growing cattle (Browne et al, 2004;Bal et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 2004;Keady et al, 2008). It has been suggested that the optimum maturity stage of maize at harvest for growing cattle is that of dough or dent stage, at circa 30% DM and 30% starch (Zaralis et al, 2014;Keady et al, 2008).…”

Section: Effects Of Maize Maturity Stage At Harvestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of maize crop maturity at harvest and dietary inclusion rate of maize silage on feed intake and performance in lambs fed high-concentrate diets

et al. 2015

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“…Some of the variation results from differing vitreousness (Philippeau et al 1999;Correa et al 2002) and particle size (Fernandez et al 2004;Remond et al 2004). Kernel vitreousness is expressed by vitreous endosperm as a percentage of total endosperm and is influenced by endosperm type (dent, semi-flint, flint) and maturity stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of maize kernel endosperm type and maturity stage on ruminal in situ degradability and post-ruminal in vitro dry matter and starch digestibility

Třináctý¹,

Nedĕlník²,

Lang³

et al. 2016

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction effect of maize grain texture (dent vs semi-flint) and two different stages of maturity (1/2 vs 3/4 milk line) on ruminal starch degradability and total tract digestibility using in situ and combined in situ-in vitro methods, respectively. The content of whole plant dry matter was 324.6 vs 399.5 g/kg (1/2 vs 3/4 milk line, respectively) for dent maize and 330.2 vs 401.3 g/kg for semiflint maize. Organic nutrients (neutral detergent fibre, crude protein, ether extract, starch), 1000-grain weight, vitreousness, and mean particle size were determined. The evaluation was performed using two non-lactating Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulae. Effective degradability of dry matter and starch was calculated at ruminal outflow rates of 4, 6, and 8%/h. Vitreousness was lower for dent than for semi-flint grain, averaging 65.6% and 74.3% (P < 0.001). Ground dent maize grain showed lower mean particle size than did that of semiflint maize (1.76 vs 1.88 mm, respectively, P < 0.001). Effective starch degradability calculated for the medium outflow rate (6%/h) was 69.1% vs 65.3% (P < 0.01) for dent and semi-flint maize and 69.0% vs 65.4% (P < 0.01) for lower (1/2 milk line) and higher (3/4 milk line) maturity, respectively. Higher (P < 0.001) mean starch total tract digestibility was found for dent maize (88.5%) than for semi-flint maize (82.5%) and for kernels harvested at 1/2 milk line (87.4%) than for those harvested at 3/4 milk line (83.6%, P < 0.001). Small differences in grain texture and silage maturity stage significantly influenced ruminal in situ degradability and total tract in situ-in vitro dry matter and starch digestibility.

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Site and extent of starch digestion of whole-plant maize silages differing in maturity stage and chop length, in dairy cows

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of maize silages in dairy cows

Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of maize silages in dairy cows

Effects of maize crop maturity at harvest and dietary inclusion rate of maize silage on feed intake and performance in lambs fed high-concentrate diets

Effect of maize kernel endosperm type and maturity stage on ruminal in situ degradability and post-ruminal in vitro dry matter and starch digestibility

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