Site characteristics of Scots pine stands infected by Gremmeniella abietina in Central Finland. 1: Mineral soil sites

Sairanen, Anne

doi:10.14214/aff.7663

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, LTT has been implicated as the pathogen responsible for epidemics that occur commonly in forests and nurseries after cool and wet growing seasons preceded by mild winters (Kurkela 1981, Sairanen 1990, Børja et al 2006.…”

Section: Scleroderris Cankermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland

Lilja¹,

Poteri²,

Petäistö³

et al. 2010

Silva Fenn.

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Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver birch (Betula pendula) are the major tree species grown in Finnish forest nurseries where 99% of the seedlings are grown in containers first in plastic-covered greenhouses and later outdoors. The main diseases on conifer seedlings are Scleroderris canker (Gremmeniella abietina), Sirococcus blight and cankers (Sirococcus conigenum), snow blights (Herpotrichia juniperi and Phacidium infestans) and needle casts (Lophodermium seditiosum and Meria laricis). Also grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) and birch rust (Melampsoridium betulinum) are among the diseases to be controlled with fungicides. During last years Scleroderris canker has been a problem on Norway spruce, which has been since 2000 the most common species produced in Finnish nurseries. Root die-back (uninucleate Rhizoctonia sp.) on container-grown spruce and pine was a problem in the 1990s. Today the disease has become less common in modern nurseries due to improvements in hygiene and cultivation practice. Since 1991 stem lesions and top dying caused by Phytophthora cactorum has been a problem on birch. The ongoing climate change has already had effect on rusts and powdery mildews as well as other fungi infecting leaves. All diseases, which gain high precipitation and warm and long autumns. For same reasons winter stored seedlings need sprayings against grey mold. Fungal infections are also possible during short-day (SD) treatment, that is necessary for summer and autumn plantings and a beneficial step prior freezing temperatures outside or in freezer storage. Growers are encouraged to use cultural and integrated pest management techniques such as better nursery hygiene, including removing plant debris in nursery growing areas and hot water washing of containers plus removal of diseased, spore-producing seedlings and trees around the nursery.

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Section: Scleroderris Cankermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland

Lilja¹,

Poteri²,

Petäistö³

et al. 2010

Silva Fenn.

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“…For these reasons, defi ning the supra-aquatic areas accurately was impossible. The hilltops in one of the disease centres in this study, Multia, are partly supraaquatic (Sairanen 1990). However, it should be noted, that the disease intensity correlated neither with the proportion of fi ne fractions nor with the elevation level in Sairanen's (1990) study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The hilltops in one of the disease centres in this study, Multia, are partly supraaquatic (Sairanen 1990). However, it should be noted, that the disease intensity correlated neither with the proportion of fi ne fractions nor with the elevation level in Sairanen's (1990) study. The disease has been most severe in topographic depressions in several small-scaled studies (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…the microclimate is favourable for the infection and dissemination of the pathogen and for the predisposition of the host (Read 1966, Dorworth 1972, 1973, Aalto-Kallonen and Kurkela 1985. There are very few, if any, large-scaled, representative studies, except the fi eld study by Sairanen (1990) in Middle Finland. The most serious damage in her study area occurred in the depressions and valley bottoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The incidence of Gremmeniella abietina in relation to topography in southern Finland

Nevalainen¹

2002

Silva Fenn.

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Field data of the 8th National Forest Inventory (NFI) from southern Finland and digital elevation models (DEMs) were used in this study. Damage due to Gremmeniella abietina increased slightly with an increase in absolute elevation in mineral soils. Severe damage increased almost linearly with an increase in elevation in mineral soil plots. The mean elevation in the tract area (the 7 km x 8 km area surrounding the plot) was more strongly correlated with the disease than the elevation of individual plots. The relative altitude of the plot was important: the disease was most severe in the plots situated lower than the mean elevation of the tract area, especially in the peatland plots. In this group, the damage increased linearly with an increase in absolute elevation. According to detailed DEMs in the most diseased areas, steepness of the slope was negatively correlated with the disease. The aspect of the slope had a weak influence. On mineral soils, the disease was most common in south-facing slopes. The microtopography was not as important for the disease occurrence as the relative elevation of the plot. The disease frequencies were very similarly related to the three most common types of surface features (channels, ridges and planar regions) within the 50-m scale. At the cell size of 100 metres, the disease was more common in channels than in ridges, except in mineral soil plots. Topographic variables only partly explained the regional patterns in the occurrence of this disease. The disease was frequent on upland areas, but, on the other hand, it was also common on lowland areas. The most diseased areas studied in detail differed very much from each other with respect to topography and the disease incidence.

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“…Morelet infection in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), the relative elevation of the site, in relation to the nearest river or lake, was more important than the absolute site elevation, resulting in a negative correlation between mortality and local elevation (Nevalainen 2002). Similar to D. septosporum, the most severely damaged stands of Scots pine are found in river valleys (Sairanen 1990). It is possible that a more in-depth analysis might have revealed a stronger relationship between rivers and disease severity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of weather and topography in the development of Dothistroma septosporum.

Braun¹

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Site characteristics of Scots pine stands infected by Gremmeniella abietina in Central Finland. 1: Mineral soil sites

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland

Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland

The incidence of Gremmeniella abietina in relation to topography in southern Finland

The role of weather and topography in the development of Dothistroma septosporum.

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