Site‐Selective Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Photonic Crystals

Arpiainen, Sanna; Jönsson, Fredrik; Dekker, J.; Kocher, G.; Khunsin, Worawut; Torres, C. M. Sotomayor; Ahopelto, Jouni

doi:10.1002/adfm.200801612

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Lithographic techniques have been used to pattern substrates (to direct colloidal crystallization) or to control and engineer point, line and planar defects 272. In order to have a total control on light propagation it is very important to be able to direct the growth of artificial opals on designed patterns and some approaches have been taken to fabricate photonic chips273, 274 combining micro‐fluidic techniques and soft lithography 275, 276. It is possible to define patterns on stamps to produce colloidal motives by nanoimprint 277.…”

Section: Further Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Assembled Photonic Structures

et al. 2010

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Photonic crystals have proven their potential and are nowadays a familiar concept. They have been approached from many scientific and technological flanks. Among the many techniques devised to implement this technology self-assembly has always been one of great popularity surely due to its ease of access and the richness of results offered. Self-assembly is also probably the approach entailing more materials aspects owing to the fact that they lend themselves to be fabricated by a great many, very different methods on a vast variety of materials and to multiple purposes. To these well-known material systems a new sibling has been born (photonic glass) expanding the paradigm of optical materials inspired by solid state physics crystal concept. It is expected that they may become an important player in the near future not only because they complement the properties of photonic crystals but because they entice the researchers' curiosity. In this review a panorama is presented of the state of the art in this field with the view to serve a broad community concerned with materials aspects of photonic structures and more so those interested in self-assembly.

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Section: Further Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Assembled Photonic Structures

et al. 2010

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“…Three‐dimensional (3D) PCs, which have enormous omnidirectional bandgaps, became an emerging field in the 1990s, since when various synthesis approaches have been proposed and demonstrated, such as self‐assembly,12–16 lithography,17–19 and direct laser writing 20–22. However, most of these methods bear inherent limitations that may hinder their practical deployment, for instance, complicated and costly micromanipulation techniques, the limited tunability of the stop band, and the difficulty of integration.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Periodically Structured Titania Nanotube Films and Their Potential for Photonic Applications

Lin

Liu

Chen

2011

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Nanoscience and nanotechnology have attracted much interest in recent years because materials exhibit novel properties when structured at nanometer dimensions. In particular, titania (TiO 2 ) nanotubes, a unique functional material combined with directionality and dimension, have been regarded as having unlimited potential. Although many successes have already been achieved, for instance, as solar-energy materials, [1][2][3][4][5] for use in batteries, [6][7][8] and as a tool for sensing, [9][10][11] signifi cantly less research has focused on the potential of such structures for manipulating photons in terms of an optical material-"photonic crystals" (PCs)-which can open a new range of possibilities for fl exible materials synthesis and new phenomena generation.Three-dimensional (3D) PCs, which have enormous omnidirectional bandgaps, became an emerging fi eld in the 1990s, since when various synthesis approaches have been proposed and demonstrated, such as self-assembly, [12][13][14][15][16] lithography, [17][18][19] and direct laser writing. [20][21][22] However, most of these methods bear inherent limitations that may hinder their practical deployment, for instance, complicated and costly micromanipulation techniques, the limited tunability of the stop band, and the diffi culty of integration. Herein, we present a material assembly route that can bridge the gap between TiO 2 nanotubes and photonics. The main benefi t of this method for 3D PC manufacture is its high effi ciency, good quality, and continuous production, thereby promoting a new application of TiO 2 nanotubes for photon manipulation.To fabricate nanostructured TiO 2 arrays, anodization is a simple, straightforward, and self-driven approach among several synthesis strategies, [23][24][25] both on Ti foils and Ti thin fi lms. [ 26 , 27 ] For years, scientists in the realm of anodization predominantly focused on the investigation of tube synthesis under potentiostatic conditions. Anodization at a certain voltage leads to an ordered oxide layer consisting of smooth or irregular corrugated tubes in different electrolytes, [ 9 , 28 ] and such corrugated stacks show defi ned interference patterns. Proposals of the potential application of nanopores and nanotubes in 2D PCs fi rstly emerged due to their periodically aligned nature in two dimensions. [29][30][31][32][33] Recently, 3D structural TiO 2 nanotubes were made available under specifi c alternating-voltage conditions, with the attempt to create bamboo-type or multilayer nanotubes, [ 32 , 34 , 35 ] for example, for optimizing solar-cell effi ciencies. However, the complex architectures fabricated with the aid of periodic voltages are erratic, and lack the quality that PCs demand. Ordered 3D pore structures were only developed in alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) in combined mild and hard anodization processes with periodic changes in diameters in specifi c electrolyte solutions. [36][37][38] Cyclic anodizing voltages [ 39 , 40 ] have also been utilized to create periodically and partially branched Al 2 O 3 p...

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“…The role of capillary filling in helping to order the deposited particles in the NP ink, and those that precipitate from the MOD ink, may also play a role, such as has been reported by Whitesides 24,25 for particles being packed into microchannels. Moreover, the control of evaporation imparted by the channels may well improve packing density, such as been reported for photonic crystal formation by Arpiainen et al 26 and Velev and Gupta. 27 Although it is worth remarking that the primary influence on resistance is the sintering regime, the initial packing of the crystals due to the confined geometry may well help to deliver improved performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Ink Jet Printed Silver Lines Formed in Microchannels Exhibit Lower Resistance Than Their Unstructured Counterparts

Löffelmann¹,

Korvink²,

Hendriks³

et al. 2011

jist

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This article reports on a number of experiments that have been performed, which show that the resistance of silver lines formed in channels is lower than silver lines that have been formed on unstructured surfaces. Channels were formed either by being cut into polyimide (Kapton) using a laser or by hot embossing a polycarbonate blend (Bayfol). An ink jet printer was used to dispense silver-containing ink over the embossed channels, the laser cut channels and over unstructured Kapton and Bayfol to allow comparison. Two types of silver-containing ink were used, one was a nanoparticle (NP) ink and the other was a metallo-organic decomposition (MOD) ink. For the NP ink, a decrease in resistance was seen for the lines formed in hot embossed channels. For the MOD ink, the resistance decrease was seen for lines formed in both the embossed and the laser cut channels.

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Site‐Selective Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Photonic Crystals

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Self‐Assembled Photonic Structures

Self‐Assembled Photonic Structures

Synthesis of Periodically Structured Titania Nanotube Films and Their Potential for Photonic Applications

Ink Jet Printed Silver Lines Formed in Microchannels Exhibit Lower Resistance Than Their Unstructured Counterparts

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