Site-specific risk factors of white mould epidemics in bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) in Tasmania, Australia

Jones, SJ; Gent, DH; Pethybridge, SJ; Hay, FS

doi:10.1080/01140671.2011.623707

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…More than 600 host plants are subjected to attack by such necrotrophic pathogens [ 2 , 4 , 6 ]. Members of the Leguminosae family including common bean and soybean are among the heavily damaged hosts by S. sclerotiorum [ 1 , 2 , 5 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Initial infections occur via ascospores liberated from fully developed apothecia [ 3 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphasic Characterization of Four Aspergillus Species as Potential Biocontrol Agents for White Mold Disease of Bean

Atallah

Mazrou

Atia

et al. 2022

JoF

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The genus Aspergillus comprises several species that play pivotal roles in agriculture. Herein, we morphologically and physiologically characterized four genetically distinct Aspergillus spp., namely A. japonicus, A. niger, A. flavus, and A. pseudoelegans, and examined their ability to suppress the white mold disease of bean caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro and under greenhouse conditions. Seriation type of Aspergillus spp. correlates with conidiospores discharge as detected on the Petri glass lid. Members of Nigri section cover their conidial heads with hard shells after prolonged incubation. In addition, sporulation of the tested Aspergillus isolates is temperature sensitive as it becomes inhibited at low temperatures and the colonies become white. Examined Aspergillus spp. were neither infectious to legumes nor aflatoxigenic as confirmed by HPLC except for A. flavus and A. pseudoelegans which, secreted 5 and 1 ppm of aflatoxin B1, respectively. Co-inoculations of Sclerotinia’s mycelium or sclerotia with a spore suspension of Aspergillus spp. inhibited their germination on PDA at 18 °C and 28 °C, and halted disease onset on detached common bean and soybean leaves. Similarly, plants treated with A. japonicus and A. niger showed the highest survival rates compared to untreated plants. In conclusion, black Aspergillus spp. are efficient biocides and safe alternatives for the management of plant diseases, particularly in organic farms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphasic Characterization of Four Aspergillus Species as Potential Biocontrol Agents for White Mold Disease of Bean

Atallah

Mazrou

Atia

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Another contributory source to that perception may have been reports of high white mould prevalence (exceeding 50%) in dry bean production in States to the west of NY (Harikrishnan et al, 2006;Schwartz & Singh, 2013). The estimated prevalence of snap bean fields with white mould from 2006 to 2008 was much lower than the 73% prevalence of snap bean fields with white mould from 2009 to 2010 in Tasmania, Australia, another processing snap bean production region (Jones et al, 2012). The reasons for such a large discrepancy between the two geographically distinct studies is purely speculative at this point but may possibly include different crop rotations and macroclimatic weather patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of factors associated with white mould in snap bean using tree‐based methods

2019

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Most processing snap bean fields are treated with fungicides at flowering to suppress white mould, one of the more significant diseases of this crop. Farmers would like to know when their fields are at sufficient risk of white mould, to plan fungicide applications or avoid spraying if the risk is below a tolerable threshold. In 2006, 2007 and 2008, observational data were collected from processing snap bean fields across western and central New York State, USA. White mould was found in 20% of fields. Boosted regression trees were used to model white mould presence or absence in a field (a binary response variable) as a function of agronomic and edaphic variables, and macroscale drought indices. The five most important predictors were canopy openness during pod development, the number of days after planting, hydrologic soil group, canopy openness during bloom and elevation. The risk of white mould increased by about 20% when canopy openness was less than 20 cm at the bloom stage and c. 30% when canopy openness was less than 30 cm at the pod stage. The most relevant interaction was between canopy openness at the pod stage and hydrologic soil group. A random forest model for predicting the presence of white mould by bloom had an estimated classification accuracy of 73%. The extension of these results to remote forecasting of white mould in processing snap bean production is discussed.

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“…The predicted i pad values were 8.39% and 8.56%. The predictions of i pad with Eqn were consistent in magnitude with the field‐derived observations (Jones et al ., ), conditional on the expected differences in disease estimation, growing environments and weather underlying the two sets of data forming the basis of this comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tolerance thresholds vary by region and processor, but are typically lower than 6% of pods with white mould (Shah et al, 2002;Jones et al, 2011). As the crop approaches maturity, growers, processors and their field personnel decide whether to allow the crop to reach full maturity, to harvest sooner (curtailing epidemic duration at the expense of further pod development), or to by-pass the field if the percentage of pods with white mould is unacceptably high (Jones et al, 2011(Jones et al, , 2012. Growers, crop scouts and processors would therefore benefit from having accurate in-field estimates of pods (number, proportion or incidence) affected by white mould when making these decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical models for white mould in snap bean

2017

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Limitations on the acceptable proportion (incidence) of pods with white mould may lead to the rejection of entire fields of processing snap bean. The low tolerances (no more than 2% to 6% of pods with white mould) are difficult to estimate with sufficient precision in the field when time is limited. These constraints motivated this study of white mould across three spatial hierarchical levels: pods, plants and quadrats consisting of two adjacent plants within rows. Hierarchical relationships are required when designing formal rules for estimating the incidence of pods with white mould from units higher in the spatial hierarchy. Disease assessments were made on all pods from 38 within-row transects of 40 plants each of the snap bean cultivar Hystyle. Using probability-based principles, equations were derived and fitted to data on the incidence of white mould on pods (i pod ), plants (i pad ) and quadrats (i q(2) ), which led to a function directly linking i pod to i q(2) . The variance of i pod increased with i q(2) , but that may be of little consequence at the lower values of i q(2) likely to be associated with i pod values at processor-set tolerances. For example, at i q(2) = 0.1 there was a 92% probability that i pod was less than 0.02. Assessing i q(2) may be more efficient than directly estimating i pod because i q(2) was about an order of magnitude higher than i pod . Results suggest it may be feasible to design sampling plans for estimating the proportion of pods with white mould from an assessment of the proportion of diseased quadrats.

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Site-specific risk factors of white mould epidemics in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Tasmania, Australia

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Polyphasic Characterization of Four Aspergillus Species as Potential Biocontrol Agents for White Mold Disease of Bean

Polyphasic Characterization of Four Aspergillus Species as Potential Biocontrol Agents for White Mold Disease of Bean

Identification of factors associated with white mould in snap bean using tree‐based methods

Hierarchical models for white mould in snap bean

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