Site-specific variation in the potentiometric response to subsidence above active longwall mining

Booth, Colin J.; Curtiss, Alan M.; DeMaris, Philip J.; Bauer, Robert A.

doi:10.2113/gseegeosci.6.4.383

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Results of the hydrological studies at the Saline County site have been reported by Booth et al (1994Booth et al ( , 1997Booth et al ( , 2000 and of the geochemical studies by Booth & Bertsch (1999). Kelleher et al (1991), Van Roosendaal et al (1990, 1994 and Trent et al (1996).…”

Section: Saline County Sitementioning

confidence: 65%

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The effects of longwall coal mining on overlying aquifers

Booth

2002

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The hydrogeological effects of longwall mines are vertically zoned. The heavily fractured strata immediately above the mine dewater, but they are typically overlain by a zone of low permeability that prevents shallower aquifers from draining to the mine. However, shallow bedrock aquifers experience head changes caused by fracturing during subsidence. New fracture void space takes up water, causing large head drops especially in confined aquifers. Increased fracture permeability affects heads because upper aquifers in high relief areas lose water through fractured aquitards to lower aquifers, and because the higher permeabilities lower hydraulic gradients and up-gradient heads, and increase downgradient discharge. In addition, a secondary drawdown spreads out laterally through transmissive aquifers from the potentiometric low in the subsiding zone. After undermining, water levels may recover due to closure of fractures and to recharge flowing back into the affected area. Studies at two active longwall mines in Pennsylvanian coal measures in Illinois support the conceptual model, with variations. Unconsolidated, unconfined aquifers were not significantly affected by mining. At one site, heads in a moderately transmissive sandstone declined due to mining but recovered fully afterwards. Increased permeability led to enhanced well yields, but water quality deteriorated, probably because of oxidation and mobilization of in situ sulphides during the unconfined and recovery phases. At the other site, heads in a poorly transmissive sandstone fell rapidly during subsidence and did not recover; hydrogeological responses varied at the site scale due to variations in bedrock-drift continuity. Predictions and monitoring schemes can be guided by the general conceptual model, but must consider local hydrogeological variations. Effects in shallow aquifers not in direct contact with the mine can be simulated using readily available flow models.

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Section: Saline County Sitementioning

confidence: 65%

“…Summarizing the above, the following composite model (expressed in Fig. 3) is adapted from Booth et al (2000). The figure shows, from the bottom up, the longwall mine, the caved and heavily fractured zones, the major confining layer and a fractured shallow aquifer overlain by a shallow confining layer.…”

Section: Recovery Of Water Levels After Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of longwall coal mining on overlying aquifers

Booth

2002

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“…Xing et al and Xu et al classified key strata structures in shallow coal seams and analyzed their structural stability [8,9]. Related scholars used field tests, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations to study overlying strata movement, mining subsidence, surface mining-induced fissures, and so on, providing principle for supporting design, subsidence trough reclamation, and ecological restoration in the mining area of shallow coal seam [10][11][12][13][14]. Zhang et al, Booth and Bertsch, and Ma et al carried out researches on mininginduced fissures of overlying strata from the perspectives of the structure characteristics of key strata and water-resisting key strata, providing water-preserved mining technologies in shallow buried coal seam [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Mechanism and Reduction Technology of Mining-Induced Fissures in Shallow Thick Coal Seam Mining

2017

Shock and Vibration

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Surface mining-induced fissures formed in shallow coal seam mining have serious impact on safety mining and water resources protection. This paper proposes a novel approach to study the formation mechanism and dynamic development of surface mininginduced fissures in shallow coal seam mining. This approach combines field tests, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations based on the geological condition of shallow coal seam mining in Chuancao Gedan Coal Mine. Two typical surface mininginduced fissures, step-type fissures and collapse-type fissures, are generated in shallow coal seam mining. The fissures with large vertical throw or horizontal opening severely impact water resource protection and surface ecological environment. Surface mininginduced fissures are generated periodically and changed dynamically with the advancing of working face. The vertical throw and horizontal opening of surface fissures are changed dynamically with the movement of loading key strata. The movement forms of loading key strata determine the morphological development of surface fissures. Downward sliding movement of broken rocks causes step-type fissures, while downward rotation movement leads to collapse-type fissures. The degree of the downward sliding and rotation of broken rocks determines the vertical throw and horizontal opening of surface fissures. This paper proposes mining technologies to reduce damaging ground fissures in shallow coal seam mining and analyzes their control effects.

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“…Although many effects of LMS, for example effects on the built environment (Bell et al 2000(Bell et al , 2005Bell and Genske 2001;Bullock and Bell 1997;McNally 2000;Singh 1992), changing ground water (Booth 2006;Booth and Bertsch 1999;Booth et al 1998Booth et al , 2000Karaman et al 1999Karaman et al , 2001Zipper et al 1997), and surface water hydrology (Bell and Genske 2001;Bell et al 2000;Sidle et al 2000), are generally well understood, the potential effects of LMS on agricultural productivity are not as well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the effects of longwall mine-induced subsidence on vineyards

et al. 2010

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This paper reports on the design and implementation of a program to monitor the surface effects of longwall mining-induced subsidence on wine grape yields within vineyards of Australia's Hunter Valley. Implemented in 2003, this five-year project incorporated a multiscale, multi-temporal, sliding window monitoring design synchronised with progression of longwall panels. On the vineyard-block scale, individual vine panels were sampled for grape yield. On the regional scale measures of vine photosynthetically active biomass were obtained from remotely sensed, Quickbird satellite imagery. All data were analysed in conjunction with three identified subsidence ''zones'': minimum subsidence associated with chainpillars, maximum subsidence associated with the longwall, and a zone corresponding to the transition between them. Visual observations conducted throughout the campaign confirmed the occurrence of isolated localised surface cracking, particularly in areas of maximum soil tension. However, both vineyard and block-scale data indicated no obvious, systematic mining-induced viticultural effects in the study site investigated during the study period. Rather, observed trends in vine yields were better explained by vine biophysical responses to climatic factors.

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Site-specific variation in the potentiometric response to subsidence above active longwall mining

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of longwall coal mining on overlying aquifers

The effects of longwall coal mining on overlying aquifers

Formation Mechanism and Reduction Technology of Mining-Induced Fissures in Shallow Thick Coal Seam Mining

Monitoring the effects of longwall mine-induced subsidence on vineyards

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