Sites of synthesis of chloroplast lamellar proteins in Vicia faba

Machold, O.; Aurich, Otto

doi:10.1016/0005-2787(72)90192-x

Cited by 71 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The sites of synthesis of the thylakoid membrane polypeptides also have been investigated in regreening cells of the y-1 mutant of Chlamydomonas, using specific inhibitors of chloroplast and cytoplasmic protein synthesis, by Hoober (21), Bar-Nun and Ohad (3), and Eytan and Ohad (17). Cashmore (7), Machold and Aurich (27), and Ellis (15,16) have used specific inhibitors to study the sites of synthesis of thylakoid membrane polypeptides in vivo in higher plants. Finally, a number of workers have examined thylakoid membrane polypeptide synthesis in higher-plant chloroplasts in vitro (6,14,16,30,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sites of synthesis of the principal thylakoid membrane polypeptides in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Chua¹,

Gillham²

1977

The Journal of Cell Biology

226

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The sites of synthesis of the major thylakoid membrane polypeptides have been studied in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by pulse labeling of cells with[14C]acetate in the presence of inhibitors specific for chloroplast and cytoplasmic protein synthesis. The labeled membrane polypeptides were separated by an improved method of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gradient gel electrophoresis, and autoradiographs were made of the dried gels. The results demonstrate that of the 33 polypeptides resolved in the gels, at least nine are made on chloroplast ribosomes. Two of these (polypeptides 2 and 6) are associated with the reaction centers of photosystems I and II. Another polypeptide (polypeptide 5) appears from genetic data to be coded by chloroplast DNA. Experiments with a mutant whose chloroplast ribosomes are resistant to spectinomycin (spr-u-l-6-2) show

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sites of synthesis of the principal thylakoid membrane polypeptides in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Chua¹,

Gillham²

1977

The Journal of Cell Biology

226

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“…Indeed, as work on the effects in vivo of inhibitors of protein synthesis (10,13,17,21,30) and with isolated chloroplasts (4, 9) has shown, the major integral polypeptides of this membrane are synthesized outside the chloroplast on cytoplasmic ribosomes. A central question concerning the assembly of thylakoid membranes is the mechanism(s) by which light controls the process.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…At 25~ an initial lag of about 2 h in duration occurs, after which the process proceeds rapidly until the full complement of chlorophyll (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)/zg/107 cells) is achieved in about 8 h (20,21). However, as described in this report, at 38~ greening begins with no lag, provided the cells are preincubated in the dark for 1-2 h before exposure to light.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and regulation of synthesis of the major polypeptides of thylakoid membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 at elevated temperatures

Hoober¹

1976

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Etiolated cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 exhibit rapid and linear initial kinetics of greening when exposed to light at 38~ The initial rate of chlorophyll accumulation under these conditions is greater than the maximal rate during greening at 25~ Synthesis of the major polypeptides of thylakoid membranes within intact cells was assayed during greening by the incorporation of [3H]leucine and the subsequent electrophoresis of total cellular protein on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. At 38~ the major membrane polypeptides (about 28,000 and 24,000 daltons in mass) were synthesized at a linear rate after exposure of the cells to light, with no evidence of a lag period. A 1-2 h preincubation in the dark at the higher temperature was necessary to achieve linear initial kinetics. Actinomycin D inhibited synthesis of the membrane polypeptides if added at the beginning of a 2 h dark preincubation, but not when added near the end. These results suggested that transcription of the messenger RNA for the membrane polypeptides occurred during the dark period at 38~ But the major membrane polypeptides were not made by y-1 cells in the dark. The wavelengths of light most effective in eliciting production of the membrane polypeptides were the same as those allowing chlorophyll synthesis. In contrast, wild type cells, which are capable of chlorophyll synthesis in the dark, also make the membrane polypeptides in the dark. The data indicate that at elevated temperatures synthesis of the major thylakoid membrane polypeptides is controlled at a posttranscriptional step, and that this reaction normally proceeds only under conditions which permit reduction of protochlorophyllide.Greening of etiolated plant cells is characterized by the development of photosynthetic competency. The elemental process in the course of this development is the formation of thylakoid membranes within chloroplasts in response to light. Thylakoid membranes, which convert light energy into chemical energy, constitute the major system of membranes within light-grown plant cells. Although these membranes are located within the chloroplast, their formation requires the participation of synthetic systems in the cytoplasmic matrix as well as in the chloroplast. Chlorophyll and 326

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“…Two methods have been employed to establish where a polypeptide constituent of the photosynthetic membrane is synthesized. These are the use of specific inhibitors for protein synthesis o'n chloroplastic and cytosolic ribosomes, respectively, (7,23) and in vitro protein synthesis with templates derived either from the nucleus or the chloroplast (I, 9, 24, 33). FEm~nEND and coworkers have used chlorotic seedling leaves of rye grown at 32~…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the polypcptides found are characteristic for the wild-type chloroplast thylakoid polypeptide pattern and in contrast to heatbleached rye (14) no additional polypeptides are present. In electrophoretograms of thylakoid polypeptides from tigrina-o 34 grown at 20 ~ only polypeptides that have been shown in other species to be synthesized inside the chloroplast (7,9,23,24,33) are deficient or lacking. These are chlorophyll a-proteins 1, 2, 3, cytochromef, a protein of 31 kD, and the CFI subunits a, 1~ and e. On the other hand the chlorophyll a/bprotein 2, which is synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes (1) is present in normal amounts and it can be assumed that other bands present in prominent amounts in tigrina-o 34 grown at 20 ~ (Figure 3), notably A, B, C, D, and E are synthesized in the cytosol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unstable chloroplast ribosomes in the cold-sensitive barley mutanttigrina-o 34

Høyer‐Hansen

Casadoro

1982

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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ribosomes, but contains wild-type levels of 80S cytoplasmic ribosomes. When grown at 30 ~ the mutant seedlings ,have wild-type levels of both chloroplastic and cytoplasmic ribosomes. One-dimensional polypeptide patterns of chloroplast ribosomes of the mutant grown at the permissive temperature were the same as those of the wild-type. Instability of chloroplastic ribosomes in the barley mutant grown at the restrictive temperature of 20 ~ was correlated with the deficiency of chlorophyll a-proteins I, 2 and 3, cytochromef, coupling factor subunits a, ~, and two thylakoid polypeptides (31, 20 kD) of unidentified function. These proteins have been shown in other species to be synthesized on chloroplastic ribosomes. Chlorophyll a/b-protein 2 synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes was present in wild-type amounts in the plastids of the mutant grown at the restrictive temperature. Five additional.~thylakoid polypeptides, (A, B, C, D, E) with as yet unknown function were also present at the restrictive temperature in normal amounts and are therefore predicted to be synthesized in the cytosol.Electron microscopical analysis revealed that the chlorophyll a/b-protein 2 and other prominent thylakoid p'olypeptides in the mutant at 20 ~ most likely are contained in the large dense grana and other abnormal membrane structures typical for the mutant.Abbreviations: CF] = chloroplast coupling factor; Chl = chlorophyll; ChI-P = chlorophyll-protein; Cyt = cytochrome; DTT = dithiothreitol; kD = kilodalton; PAGE = polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; SDS = sodium dodecyl sulfate; TMBZ = tetramethylbenzidine; TRIS = tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane.

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Sites of synthesis of chloroplast lamellar proteins in Vicia faba

Cited by 71 publications

References 16 publications

The sites of synthesis of the principal thylakoid membrane polypeptides in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

The sites of synthesis of the principal thylakoid membrane polypeptides in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Kinetics and regulation of synthesis of the major polypeptides of thylakoid membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 at elevated temperatures

Unstable chloroplast ribosomes in the cold-sensitive barley mutanttigrina-o 34

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