Heteropolyacids are a class of compounds that can be used to catalyze a great range of reactions, either in homogeneous or heterogeneous phase, because they have good stability, solubility and high acidity. These compounds show good applicability in the use of biomass for biofuel production, as demonstrated in a variety of reports. This text presents a bibliographic research on the application of heteropolyacids in the production of biodiesel and bioethanol in the last years, as well as the reuse of byproducts of these processes.