Situation analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome in Western Asia

Khan, Rakhshaan; Rehman, Rehana; Alam, Faiza

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-87932-3.00036-0

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…In our previous survey, we discovered that the majority of the population is unaware of their menstrual health while experiencing a few symptoms such as irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and so on [14]. The condition stays the same in both developing and developed nations, and this could be related to traditional and cultural views [15][16][17]. Over the last 2 decades, the global burden of PCOS-related infertility has grown dramatically [18].…”

Section: P a G E |mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical-Exome Sequencing Unveils the Genetic Landscape of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Focusing on Lean and Obese Phenotypes: Implications for Cost-Effective Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment

Dhar,

Bhattacharjee

2024

Preprint

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Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a serious endocrine disorder that affects 15-20% of fertile women globally. It is classed as a syndrome rather than a disease because to its wide range of symptoms, which include hyperandrogenism, acne, obesity, infertility, and hair loss. Understanding the aetiology and pathophysiology of PCOS is difficult due to its multiple causes, which include environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and epigenetic modifications. Despite research supporting the role of familial aggregations in PCOS outcomes, the inheritance pattern remains unknown. The disorder has an impact on several signal transduction pathways, including steroidogenesis, steroid hormone activity, gonadotrophin regulation, insulin secretion, energy balance, and chronic inflammation. Over the last two decades, the global burden of PCOS-related infertility has risen significantly. Detecting PCOS early in youth or before puberty is critical for quick diagnosis. Objective(s): This study investigates the genetic basis behind obesity-mediated PCOS, focusing on both obese and lean individuals. It uses a comprehensive bioinformatics methodology to depict pathways and functionality enrichment, allowing for cost-effective risk prediction and management. Study design: In the present research, the study participants were chosen from a cross-sectional epidemiological survey, based on their anthropometric parameters and confirmation of PCOS. Upon voluntary participation and written consent, biological fluids (whole-blood and buccal swab) were taken from where DNA was extracted. The Clinical-exome sequencing was performed by Next-generation Illumina platform using the Twist Human Comprehensive Exome Kit. A comprehensive bioinformatics methodology was employed to identify most important unique and common genes. Results: A total of 26,550 variants were identified in clinically important exomes from two samples, with 5170 common and 2232 and 2322 unique among PCOS lean and obese phenotypes, respectively. Only 262 and 94 variants were PCOS-specific in lean and obese PCOS. Three filters were applied to shortlist the most potent variants, with 4 unique variants in lean PCOS, 2 unique variants in obese PCOS, and 5 common variants in both. The study found that leptin signalling impairment and insulin resistance, as well as mutations in CYP1A1, CYP19A1, ESR1, AR, AMH, AdipoR1, NAMPT, NPY, PTEN, EGFR, and Akt, all play significant roles in PCOS in the studied group. Conclusions: Young women in West Bengal, India, are more likely to have co-occurring PCOS, which includes estrogen resistance, leptin receptor insufficiency, folate deficiency, T2DM, and acanthosis, with obesity being a common phenotypic expression.

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Section: P a G E |mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical-Exome Sequencing Unveils the Genetic Landscape of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Focusing on Lean and Obese Phenotypes: Implications for Cost-Effective Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment

Dhar,

Bhattacharjee

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Clinical-exome sequencing unveils the genetic landscape of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) focusing on lean and obese phenotypes: implications for cost-effective diagnosis and personalized treatment

Dhar,

Bhattacharjee

2024

Sci Rep

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The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Sharifi,

Saber,

Moludi

et al. 2024

Nutr J

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Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders in reproductive-age women caused by hyperinsulinemia. The portfolio Moderate-carbohydrate diet (PMCD) is a plant-based diet with a carbohydrate content of 40% and incorporates five cholesterol-lowering foods. While, the ketogenic diet is a high-fat diet with 70% fat, promoting a ketosis state. To the best of our knowledge, no study compared the therapeutic effects of these two diets in PCOS patients. Thus, this study aimed to compare the impact of PLCD and KD on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with PCOS. Methods This open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted on forty-six PCOS women. 21 women in PMCD and 19 in the KD group completed the study. The anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI) and fat body mass (FBM), metabolic markers (fasting blood glucose (FBG)) and plasma lipid profiles including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) were measured. Reproductive hormones such as luteinizing hormone (LH), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-s) and free testosterone were assessed at the baseline and after the intervention. Results However, after 8 weeks both diets demonstrated enhancement in anthropometric indices (BMI, FBM, lean body mass), metabolic status (FBG, insulin serum levels), and reproductive hormones such as LH, free testosterone, and DHEA-s. The mean difference in the KD improved more than the PMCD in the field of BMI reduction (MD (SD) 2.73 (0.351) vs. MD (SD) 1.71 (0.775)) and LH (MD 4.13 (1.375) vs.MD 2.46 (1.105)). Nevertheless, the lipid profile including LDL-C and triglycerides improved more in the PMCD compared to the KD (MD 33.95 (7.345) vs. MD 23.34 (14.136)) and (MD 38.20 (10.757) vs. MD 57.62 (21.688)) respectively. There were no significant changes in the Ferriman-Gallwey score within or between the two groups. Conclusion The findings revealed that both diets were effective in improving PCOS manifestations. However, the KD exhibited greater effectiveness in enhancing body measurements, metabolic factors, and reproductive hormone levels compared to the PMCD in obese PCOS women. Furthermore, PMCD could be more beneficial for PCOS women with lipide disorders. Registration number of clinical trial IRCT20200912048693N3, Trial registered 2022–12–14. https://www.irct.ir/trial/67548

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Situation analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome in Western Asia

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Clinical-Exome Sequencing Unveils the Genetic Landscape of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Focusing on Lean and Obese Phenotypes: Implications for Cost-Effective Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment

Clinical-Exome Sequencing Unveils the Genetic Landscape of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Focusing on Lean and Obese Phenotypes: Implications for Cost-Effective Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment

Clinical-exome sequencing unveils the genetic landscape of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) focusing on lean and obese phenotypes: implications for cost-effective diagnosis and personalized treatment

The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

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