Situational Awareness Analysis of Port Pilotage Services

Kahraman, Serkan; Zorba, Yusuf

doi:10.5505/jems.2018.48569

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The main categories of SA assessment methods include freeze-probe recall techniques, real-time probe techniques, post-trial self-rating techniques, observer rating techniques, performance measures, and process indices (Kahraman, 2016;Nguyen et al, 2019). Among these methods, observer rating technique and performance measures are recommended and mainly used by the "simulator trainer and assessor" in Bridge Resource Management training in maritime education (IMO, 2011;2012a).…”

Section: Assessment Of Situational Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye tracking for assessment of situational awareness in bridge resource management training

Atik

2020

JEMR

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The purpose of this study is to experiment eye tracking in situational awareness assessment in Bridge Resource Management training of ship officers who play a critical role in maritime accidents. The maritime industry focuses on human factor developing and improving regulations including training requirements to prevent marine casualties. The mandatory Bridge Resource Management training as per international regulations includes assessment of situational awareness of trainees in full mission ship bridge simulators. The study involves capturing and analyzing eye movement data from maritime cadets and ship officers with sea experience in a simulation exercise. An eye tracking analysis software and eye tracking glasses are used for the study. Inferential and descriptive analyses were both used to validate the results. Significant differences were found between fixation duration measurements of novice cadets and experienced officers. Heat map visualizations also revealed differences in focuses of attention among participants. The evaluations of the certified simulator assessors are considered as the ground truth, and the results were compared to and discussed accordingly. The results show that the eye tracking technology is a valuable complementary tool for assessment of situational awareness in a simulator environment, utilized with the existing conventional observation and performance measurement methods. The study reveals that eye tracking provides the assessor with novel data in simulator based maritime training, such as focus of attention, which contributes to the evaluation of the situational awareness. The study, therefore, contributes to maritime education aiming to improve the effectiveness of Bridge Resource Management training. It also contributes to scientific research on eye movement in maritime field by proposing the integration of eye tracking in the Bridge Resource Management training.

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Section: Assessment Of Situational Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye tracking for assessment of situational awareness in bridge resource management training

Atik

2020

JEMR

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“…On the other hand, it is expected that the maneuver be completed as soon as possible by ensuring the efficiency in the use of the port area, berthing areas, and maneuver aids. As a result, the pilotage service given to the ship is a dynamic job and is done in varying ship type, quay, weather, sea and visibility conditions each time (Kahraman and Zorba, 2018). Sukas et al (2017) conducted a study on how to interpret the standard maneuvering tests proposed by the IMO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Factors Influencing Ship's Maneuvering Times

Özkulluk,

Nas

2023

Trans. Marit. Sci.

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Ship maneuvering is like a musical piece where many internal and external factors must be managed simultaneously in a synchronized manner. While the prolongation of the maneuvering time increases hydrocarbon emission and operating costs, its acceleration threatens the safety of the maneuver. In the literature, there are many studies on the factors affecting the ship maneuver, but the number of studies on the effect of the factors influencing the ship maneuvering time is insufficient. This paper deals with the factors affecting berthing and departure maneuvers of ships in port areas on maneuvering time. The effects of environmental factors, ship structures, and human factors on the maneuvering time were examined separately. Contrary to popular belief, it has been revealed that the wind speed and direction, which are environmental factors, do not affect the maneuvering time in general. On the other hand, it has been found that length over all (LOA) and gross tonnage (GT), which are structural features of the ships, affect the maneuvering time. In human factors, it has been proven that the mean of the maneuvering times performed by the maritime pilots at the same jetty differs significantly from each other. In addition, variable regression analysis was performed in order to explain the relationship between ship’s LOA and maneuvering time. For the purpose of this study, 3,998 ship maneuver data obtained from a pilotage organization were examined.

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