SIX CHROMOSOME TYPES IN <i>TRITICUM ARARATICUM</i> JAKUBZ. DIFFERING WITH RECIPROCAL TRANSLOCATIONS

Chromosome structural variation in Aegilops ovata L.

“…These facts suggest some kinds of reciprocal translocation in this species. Kawahara and Tanaka (1977) classified 17 strains of wild tetraploid wheat, Triticum araraticum into six chromosome types by interchange and found abundant chromosome differentiation in Northern Iraq. In the present study, conclusive center or cline of differentiation was not apparent.…”

Intraspecific variation in Aegilops variabilis and Ae. kotschyi revealed by chromosome pairing in F1 hybrids.

“…triuncialis (Furuta et al unpublished). Kawahara and Tanaka (1977) found out six kinds of reciprocal translocation among 17 strains in wild tetraploid wheat, Triticum araraticum.…”

Early crop diversity: A ?new? glume wheat from northern Greece

“…It is a generally held view, however, that, whatever the origin of the wild genotypes, T. dicoccoides is the wild progenitor of T. dicoccum (for example Harlan and Zohary 1966;Zohary 1969Zohary , 1983Zohary , 1989Zohary , 1996Feldman 1976;Tanaka et al 1979;Poyarkova 1988;Noda and Koulin 1989;Zohary and Hopf 1993) and 7". timopheevi is closely related to the wild T. araraticum (for example Svetozarova 1939;Jakubziner !958;Wagenaar 1961Wagenaar , 1963Wagenaar , 1966Kawahara and Tanaka 1977;lchikawa 1968, 1972;Zohary 1969Zohary , 1989Zohary , 1996Feldman 1976;Tanaka and Ischii 1975;Tanaka et al 1978aTanaka et al ,b, 1979Noda and Kou|in 1989;Badaeva etal. 1990Badaeva etal.…”

“…Zhukovsky's find was therefore just outside the range of recent T. timopheevi cultivation (Stoletova 1924;Dekaprelevic and Menabde 1932;Svetozarova 1939) which would explain why he considered it a weed. In subsequent literature, it is usually referred to as a semi-cultivated (for example Harlan and Zohary 1966;Johnson 1967;Zohary 1996) or cultivated species (for example Jackubziner 1958; Wagenaar 1966;Bozzini and Giorgi 1969;Tanaka and Ischii 1975;Kawahara and Tanaka 1977;Tanaka et al 1978a, b;Ogihara and Tsunewaki 1982;Tsvelev 1983;Miller 1987;Noda and Koulin 1989;Badaeva 1994;Zohary 1969;Zohary and Hopf 1993). Zhukovsky (1923;also cited in Stoletova 1924;Nevski 1934) notes that, in eastern Georgia, the local peasants "used to sow it near the farms only as fodder for poultry" (translation by P. Halstead); in western Georgia, Dekaprelevic and Menabde (1932) state that 72 timopheevi is "greatly valued by the population as yielding palatable white bread of high quality" though it is also used for gruel or groats (Dekaprelevic andMenabde 1929, 1932), Menabde (1948) says it is noted for its "good baking qualities" (translation by S. Anderson) and Tzelev (1983) describes it as "sometimes cultivated as a food plant with other cereals" but, in 1994, Badaeva et al state that it is "no longer cultivated as an agricultural crop".…”

“…Although previously regarded as possibly a relic crop (Dekaprelevic and Menabde t929, 1932;Zohary 1983), 72 timopheevi is now generally thought to have been domesticated locally (and recently) from T. araraticum which also grows in this area (Kawahara and Tanaka 1977;Tanaka et al 1978a,b;Zohary 1989;1996;Zohary and Hopf 1993;Nesbitt and Samuel 1996). Bronze Age and later finds of Y. timopheevi have been reported from this area (see Wasylikowa et al 1991) but doubt has been cast on these early records of its domestication, on the grounds that they may not be distinguishable from 7".…”