Six fundamental aspects for conceptualizing multidimensional urban form: A spatial mapping perspective

Wentz, Elisabeth A.; York, Abigail M.; Alberti, Marina; Conrow, Lindsey; Fischer, Heather; Inostroza, Luis; Jantz, Claire A.; Pickett, Steward T. A.; Seto, Karen C.; Taubenböck, Hannes

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.07.007

Cited by 116 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Realising living environments for humans that combine energy efficiency with healthy and expansive ecosystems requires a shift in focus from a simplistic 'dense vs. green' framing [104]. Policy interventions have to be developed in conjunction with human experiences and social values [105].…”

Section: Policy Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The regenerative compatibility: A synergy between healthy ecosystems, environmental attitudes, and restorative experiences

Giusti

Samuelsson

2020

PLoS ONE

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Urban nature is and will be the most common provider of nature interactions for humankind. The restorative benefits of nature exposure are renown and creating human habitats that simultaneously support people's wellbeing and ecological sustainability is an urgent priority. In this study, we investigate how the relationship between environmental attitudes and healthy ecosystems influences restorative experiences combining a place-based online survey with geographical data on ecosystem health in Stockholm (Sweden). Using spatial regression, we predict the 544 restorative experiences (from 325 respondents), with people's environmental attitudes, natural land covers, ecosystem health, and the statistical interactions among these variables as predictors. Our results show that restorative experiences can happen anywhere in the urban landscape, but when they occur in natural environments, the combined levels of biodiversity and ecological connectivity are better predicting factor than the mere presence of nature. That is, healthy ecosystems seem to be more important than just any nature for restorative experiences. Moreover, the statistical interaction between one's environmental attitudes and natural environments predict almost all restorative experiences better than when these variables are independent predictors. This suggests that there is synergistic compatibility between environmental attitudes and healthy ecosystems that triggers restorative processes. We call this synergy regenerative compatibility. Regenerative compatibility is an unexploited potential that emerges when people's attitudes and ecosystems are aligned in sustainability. We consider regenerative compatibility a valuable leverage point to transform towards ecologically sustainable and healthy urban systems. To this end, we encourage multifaceted policy interventions that regenerate human-nature relationships holistically rather than implement atomistic solutions.

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Section: Policy Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The regenerative compatibility: A synergy between healthy ecosystems, environmental attitudes, and restorative experiences

Giusti

Samuelsson

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Urban form is the two-and three-dimensional geometrical characteristics of the built-up environment (Batty and Longley 1994, Wentz et al 2018. The two-dimensional notion refers to the layout and spatial arrangement of land use, including buildings, green space, and street design; it is what one sees from zenith, or above the urban environment, such as the footprint of settlements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building up or spreading out? Typologies of urban growth across 478 cities of 1 million+

Mahtta

Mahendra

Seto

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

141

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Urban form in both two-(2D) and three-dimensions (3D) has significant impacts on local and global environments. Here we developed the largest global dataset characterizing 2D and 3D urban growth for 478 cities with populations of one million or larger. Using remote sensing data from the SeaWinds scatterometer for 2001 and 2009, and the Global Human Settlement Layer for 2000 and 2014, we applied a cluster analysis and found five urban growth typologies: stabilized, outward, mature upward, budding outward, upward and outward. Budding outward is the dominant typology worldwide, per the largest total area. Cities characterized by upward and outward growth are few in number and concentrated primarily in China and South Korea, where there has been a large increase in high-rises during the study period. With the exception of East Asia, cities within a geographic region exhibit remarkably similar patterns of urban growth. Our results show that every city exhibits multiple urban growth typologies concurrently. Thus, while it is possible to describe a city by its dominant urban growth typology, a more accurate and comprehensive characterization would include some combination of the five typologies. The implications of the results for urban sustainability are multifold. First, the results suggest that there is considerable opportunity to shape future patterns of urbanization, given that most of the new urban growth is nascent and low magnitude outward expansion. Second, the clear geographic patterns and wide variations in the physical form of urban growth, within country and city, suggest that markets, national and subnational policies, including the absence of, can shape how cities grow. Third, the presence of different typologies within each city suggests the need for differentiated strategies for different parts of a single city. Finally, the new urban forms revealed in this analysis provide a first glimpse into the carbon lock-in of recently constructed energy-demanding infrastructure of urban settlements.

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“…Due to the limitation of the 3D satellite images, most of the studies explore the urban landscape patterns in 2D. A further extension of 3D urban landscape analysis is significant and necessary, similar to the multidimensional urban form concept proposed by Wentz et al (2018) [20] and the recent attempt by Handayani et al (2018) [21] in this Special Issue. Most of the studies incorporated a temporal dimension into the consideration (2-4 time stages) to understand the urban expansion process, except the country scale analysis by Huang et al (2018) [19].…”

Section: Papers In the Special Issuementioning

confidence: 89%

Editorial for the Special Issue: “Remote Sensing of Urban Ecology and Sustainability”

Zhao

Wentz

2020

Remote Sensing

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The remote sensing of urban ecology and sustainability is an emerging topic to understand the human living environment in urban areas from outer space, airplanes, and unmanned aerial vehicles. In this editorial, we provide an overview of the five papers published in this Special Issue and offer suggestions for future research directions in this field, both with respect to the remote sensing platforms and algorithms and the development of new applications.

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Six fundamental aspects for conceptualizing multidimensional urban form: A spatial mapping perspective

Cited by 116 publications

References 64 publications

The regenerative compatibility: A synergy between healthy ecosystems, environmental attitudes, and restorative experiences

The regenerative compatibility: A synergy between healthy ecosystems, environmental attitudes, and restorative experiences

Building up or spreading out? Typologies of urban growth across 478 cities of 1 million+

Editorial for the Special Issue: “Remote Sensing of Urban Ecology and Sustainability”

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