Six HIT Sessions Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Flexibility in Insulin Resistant and Insulin Sensitive Adolescents with Obesity

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on the cardiorespiratory performance and substrate oxidation pattern in insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive obese adolescents. Methods: We recruited 25 obese adolescents in three schools, and trained them in six HIT sessions, comprising of six series at 100% and recovery at 50% peak velocity (Vpeak). For the evaluation, the participants were divided into two groups: insulin-resistant (IR, n = 12; HOMA index ≥3.16) and insulin-sensitive (IS, n = 13). All participants underwent cardiopulmonary and indirect calorimetry testing. We compared the effects of HIT before and after the intervention among the two groups. The data were analyzed using Student’s t and Mann–Whitney (intergroup comparisons) and Student’s t and Wilcoxon (pre- and post-training comparisons) tests; and Cohen’s d (influence of HIT). Results: There was a significant post-training increase in Vpeak, oxygen consumption (VO2), velocity (V), and heart rate (HR) at the exertion intensity at the first ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT1) in both groups (p < 0.05; d < 0.02). The exercise promoted changes in substrate oxidation rates of the groups, with an increase in carbohydrate oxidation (CHOox) for both IR (p = 0.064) and IS (p = 0.034). Conclusion: Six HIT sessions improved cardiorespiratory performance in both groups and increased CHOox in insulin-sensitive obese adolescents, suggesting its utility for increasing physical fitness and controlling glycemia in these population groups.

Respiratory Muscle Strength in Brazilian Adolescents: Impact of Body Composition

“…Therefore, we initially classified them according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and according to the activity performed during the last week. The participant was considered active when he/she performed five days or more of physical activity with a total of 150 min or more per week; irregularly active when not reaching the 150 min threshold; or sedentary when performing 10 min or less per week [19]. As all children included participated in physical activities at school, none were considered sedentary in this study, and all were fit.…”

“…Their body composition was determined by bioimpedance (Biodynamics 310, TBW Importer Ltda, Sao Paulo, Brazil). Before the evaluation, the participants underwent the following conditions: 24 h of hydration with good quality water; the prohibition of the consumption of any alcoholic drinks or stimulants; 12 h without the practice of strenuous physical activity; their bladders would have to be empty before the evaluation; the girls could not be menstruating [7][8][9][10][11][12][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Applied high-intensity interval cardio yoga improves cardiometabolic fitness, energetic contributions, and metabolic flexibility in healthy adults

“…Efficient metabolic flexibility is essential to prevent metabolic diseases directly related to physical inactivity-induced mitochondrial dysfunction ( San-Millán and Brooks, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2022a ). HIIT increases metabolic flexibility, which indicates a strong relationship with metabolic health parameters such as insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial respiratory capacity ( Aparecido et al, 2022 ).…”