Six Arabidopsis thaliana homologues of the human respiratory burst oxidase (gp91phox)

Torres, Miguel Ángel Medina; Onouchi, Hitoshi; Hamada, Susuma; Machida, Chiyoko; Hammond‐Kosack, K. E.; Jones, Jonathan D. G.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00136.x

Cited by 386 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

223

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases in plants have been discovered on the basis of their sequence similarity to the mammalian respiratory burst NADPH oxidase subunit gp91 phox (Groom et al, 1996;Keller et al, 1998;Torres et al, 1998). They are encoded by a 10-member gene family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; rbohA to rbohJ, for respiratory burst oxidase homolog).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and NADPH Oxidase RBOHD in an Arabidopsis-Alternaria Pathosystem

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) NADPH oxidases have been reported to suppress the spread of pathogen- and salicylic acid-induced cell death. Here, we present dual roles of RBOHD (for respiratory burst oxidase homolog D) in an Arabidopsis-Alternaria pathosystem, suggesting either initiation or prevention of cell death dependent on the distance from pathogen attack. Our data demonstrate that a rbohD knockout mutant exhibits increased spread of cell death at the macroscopic level upon inoculation with the fungus Alternaria brassicicola. However, the cellular patterns of reactive oxygen species accumulation and cell death are fundamentally different in the AtrbohD mutant compared with the wild type. Functional RBOHD causes marked extracellular hydrogen peroxide accumulation as well as cell death in distinct, single cells of A. brassicicola-infected wild-type plants. This single cell response is missing in the AtrbohD mutant, where infection triggers spreading-type necrosis preceded by less distinct chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide accumulation in large clusters of cells. While the salicylic acid analog benzothiadiazole induces the action of RBOHD and the development of cell death in infected tissues, the ethylene inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine inhibits cell death, indicating that both salicylic acid and ethylene positively regulate RBOHD and cell death. Moreover, A. brassicicola-infected AtrbohD plants hyperaccumulate ethylene and free salicylic acid compared with the wild type, suggesting negative feedback regulation of salicylic acid and ethylene by RBOHD. We propose that functional RBOHD triggers death in cells that are damaged by fungal infection but simultaneously inhibits death in neighboring cells through the suppression of free salicylic acid and ethylene levels.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and NADPH Oxidase RBOHD in an Arabidopsis-Alternaria Pathosystem

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Molecular studies revealed some similarities and differences between the mechanisms regulating NADPH oxidases in plants and animals. Although homologs of the gp91 phox catalytic subunit of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase (Keller et al, 1998;Torres et al, 1998) and putative homologs of the Rac small G protein regulatory subunit (Yang, 2002) Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphatidic Acid Induces Leaf Cell Death in Arabidopsis by Activating the Rho-Related Small G Protein GTPase-Mediated Pathway of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation

Gu²,

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphatidic acid (PA) level increases during various stress conditions. However, the physiological roles of this lipid in stress response remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that PA induced leaf cell death and elevated the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the whole leaf and single cells. To further elucidate the mechanism of PA-induced cell death, we then examined whether Rho-related small G protein (ROP) 2, which enhanced ROS production in an in vitro assay, is involved in PA-induced ROS production and cell death. In response to PA, transgenic leaves of Arabidopsis expressing a constitutively active rop2 mutant exhibited earlier cell death and higher levels of ROS than wild type (WT), whereas those expressing a dominant-negative rop2 mutant exhibited later cell death and lower ROS. However, in the absence of exogenous PA, no spontaneous cell death or elevated ROS was observed in constitutively active rop2 plants, suggesting that the activation of ROP GTPase alone is insufficient to activate the ROP-mediated ROS generation pathway. These results suggest that PA modulates an additional factor required for the active ROP-mediated ROS generation pathway. Therefore, PA may be an important regulator of ROP-regulated ROS generation and the cell death process during various stress and defense responses of plants.Phosphatidic acid (PA) is implicated in numerous stress responses of plants. Intracellular PA levels increase under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions, including pathogen elicitation (Young et al., 1996;van der Luit et al., 2000), wounding Wang, 1996, 1998; Lee et al., 1997), freezing (Welti et al., 2002), hyperosmotic stress (Munnik et al., 2000), and water deficit (Frank et al., 2000;Munnik et al., 2000). It is suggested that PA is a second messenger in a broad range of stress-signaling pathways in plants and mediates important responses to stresses (Munnik, 2001).PA has many regulatory functions in animal cells, including the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, protein kinase, phosphatase, lipid kinase, phospholipases, intracellular Ca 2ϩ levels, vesicle trafficking, cell proliferation, and cytoskeletal rearrangement (Liscovitch et al., 2000). This lipid also regulates a wide range of important cellular processes in plants, including regulation of ROS generation (Sang et al., 2001a), MAPK activity (Lee et al., 2001), K ϩ channels (Jacob et al., 1999), and actin organization (Lee et al., 2003). Therefore, PA is likely to be involved in numerous physiological processes in plants, including stomatal movement (Jacob et al., 1999), leaf senescence (Fan et al., 1997), various stress responses, and hormone signaling (for review, see Munnik, 2001). In vivo roles of PA in leaf senescence and stomatal closing movement were demonstrated using PLD␣ antisense plants; this mutant plant is delayed in ABA-and ethylene-induced senescence (Ryu and Wang, 1995; Fan et al., 1997;Zien et al., 2001) and in ABA-induced stomatal closing movement (Sang et al., 2001b).A potentia...

show abstract

“…Homologs of gp91 phox have been identified in several plant species [90][91][92]. The Arabidopsis genome encodes ten putative gp91 phox homologs, termed Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) [93].…”

Section: Regulation Of Nadph Oxidasementioning

confidence: 99%

A RHOse by any other name: a comparative analysis of animal and plant Rho GTPases

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rho GTPases are molecular switches that act as key regulators of a many cellular processes, including cell movement, morphogenesis, host defense, cell division and gene expression. Rho GTPases are found in all eukaryotic kingdoms. Plants lack clear homologs to conventional Rho GTPases found in yeast and animals; instead, they have over time developed a unique subfamily, ROPs, also known as RAC. The origin of ROP-like proteins appears to precede the appearance of land plants. This review aims to discuss the evolution of ROP/RAC and to compare plant ROP and animal Rho GTPases, focusing on similarities and differences in regulation of the GTPases and their downstream effectors.

show abstract

Six Arabidopsis thaliana homologues of the human respiratory burst oxidase (gp91^phox)

Cited by 386 publications

References 17 publications

Dual Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and NADPH Oxidase RBOHD in an Arabidopsis-Alternaria Pathosystem

Dual Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and NADPH Oxidase RBOHD in an Arabidopsis-Alternaria Pathosystem

Phosphatidic Acid Induces Leaf Cell Death in Arabidopsis by Activating the Rho-Related Small G Protein GTPase-Mediated Pathway of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation

A RHOse by any other name: a comparative analysis of animal and plant Rho GTPases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About