Six‐year longitudinal analysis of adenovirus type 3 genome types isolated in yamagata, Japan

Abstract

Five hundred eighty-seven adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) isolates were established from children with acute respiratory infections (ARI) from 1986 to 1991, in Yamagata, Japan. Ad3 could be found in almost all the months during the 6 years when two epidemics occurred, in 1987 and 1989. A molecular epidemiological study was done on 346 of the 587 isolates, using restriction endonucleases; BamHI, HindIII, SmaI, and BgIII were used. The Ad3 isolates were classified into seven genome types. The genetic differences among the seven genome types were < 0.9%, and their phylogenetic tree, estimated by the neighbor-joining method, correlated highly with their monthly distribution. One genome type predominated for 56 months, while the other six related genome types cocirculated for a short period. These results suggested that the predominant genome type of Ad3 might have been endemically perpetuated in the Yamagata area with minor genomic variations. Furthermore, the outbreaks of Ad3 may have been due not to the appearance of a new genome type but rather to the endemic genome type.

Genome Type Analysis of Adenovirus Types 3 and 7 Isolated during Successive Outbreaks of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children

“…The Ad3a variants that have been described are Ad3a1 through Ad3a12 (8,19,20,30). In China, the dominant genome type of Ad3 was Ad3a2, with occasional isolates of Ad3a4, Ad3a5, and Ad3a6, from 1962 to 1988 (20); in Japan, the dominant genome type was Ad3a, with occasional isolates of Ad3a8 and Ad3c, from 1983 to 1991 (12,21). In this study, we identified six new variants of Ad3a, Ad3a13 through Ad3a18.…”

“…Although many studies have described the genetic heterogeneity of adenoviruses, only a few studies have examined changes in genome types in successive outbreaks of Ad3 and Ad7. Mizuta et al (21) examined Ad3 genome types isolated in successive outbreaks. The Ad3 isolates were mixtures of three genome types, which had all appeared several months before the epidemics.…”

Longitudinal Investigation of Epidemiologic Feature of Adenovirus Infections in Acute Respiratory Illnesses among Children in Yamagata, Japan(1986-1991).

“…Although three outbreaks of Ad3 (group B) were observed in Yamagata during the 6 study years, this virus was in fact continuously isolated from pediatric patients throughout the year. On the basis of DNA analysis, we have previously reported that the predominant genome type of Ad3 may be perpetuated locally in the Yamagata area with minor genomic variation and the outbreaks of Ad3 are not necessarily due to the appearance of a new genome type (Mizuta et al 1994). …”

Genetic heterogeneity of the hexon gene of adenovirus type 3 over a 9-year period in Korea

“…Although several studies have described the genetic diversity of Ad3 associated with conjunctivitis or respiratory tract infections by restriction fragment analysis, most studies have focused on the distribution patterns of the different genome types of Ad3 [Adrian et al, 1986[Adrian et al, , 1989O'Donnell et al, 1986;Fu et al, 1989;Itakura et al, 1990;Kajon et al, 1990;Golovina et al, 1991;Mizuta et al, 1994;Li et al, 1996;Itoh et al, 1999]. Little is known about the sequence variations of hexon with respect to genome type within an epidemic or between epidemics.…”

“…Mizuta et al [1994] isolated Ad3 from children with acute respiratory tract infections from 1986 to 1991 in Yamagata, Japan, and found that outbreaks of Ad3 were due to endemic genome types rather than new types. In China, Ad3a2 was found to be the most prevalent genome type in children with pneumonia over the 27-year period 1962-1988, except in 1984when Ad3a4 predominated [Li et al, 1996.…”