Six Years of IKFS-2 Global Ozone Total Column Measurements

Abstract

Atmospheric ozone plays an important role in the biosphere’s absorbing of dangerous solar UV radiation and its contributions to the Earth’s climate. Nowadays, ozone variations are widely monitored by different local and remote sensing methods. Satellite methods can provide data on the global distribution of ozone and its anomalies. In contrast to measurement techniques based on solar radiation measurements, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) satellite measurements of thermal radiation provide information, regardless of solar illumination. The global distribution of total ozone columns (TOCs) measured by the IKFS-2 spectrometer aboard the “Meteor M N2” satellite for the period of 2015 to 2020 is presented. The retrieval algorithm uses the artificial neural network (ANN) based on measurements of TOCs by the Aura OMI instrument and the method of principal components for representing IKFS-2 spectral measurements. Latitudinal and seasonal dependencies on the ANN training errors are analyzed and considered as a first approximation of the TOC measurement errors. The TOCs derived by the IKFS-2 instrument are compared to independent ground-based and satellite data. The average differences between the IKFS-2 data and the independent TOC measurements are up to 2% (IKFS-2 usually slightly underestimates the other data), and the standard deviations of differences (SDDs) vary from 2 to 4%. At the same time, both the analysis of the ANN approximation errors of the OMI data and the comparison of the IKFS-2 results with independent data demonstrate an increase in discrepancies towards the poles. In the spring–winter period, SDDs reach 8% in the Southern and 6% in the Northern Hemisphere. The technique presented can be used to process the IKFS-2 spectral data, and as a result, it can provide global information on the TOCs in the period of 2015–2020, regardless of the solar illumination and the presence of clouds.

Influence of Natural Tropical Oscillations on Ozone Content and Meridional Circulation in the Boreal Winter Stratosphere

“…Observations, as well as the results of numerical experiments, show that the stratospheric polar vortex is warmer and more disturbed under conditions of a positive ENSO phase [20]; the situation is the opposite during a cold phase [25]. The activity of stationary planetary waves with the zonal wave number 1 (SPW1) is higher in the stratosphere and weaker at middle latitudes at the stratospheric jet maximum region during El Niño's mid-winter.…”

“…From the point of view of remote sensing, the polar stratosphere is a complex object of study. Polyakov et al [20] showed that low signal and small vertical temperature gradients significantly increase the errors in satellite ozone determinations. To increase the accuracy of satellite sensing, the highest quality a priori information is used-modeling and reanalysis data.…”

Determination of Greenhouse Gas Concentrations from the 16U CubeSat Spacecraft Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

“…The IKFS-2 FTIR spectrometer operating onboard the Meteor-M 2 satellite is described in [ 21 ]; it allows measurements of the gas composition of the atmosphere with a maximum bandwidth of up to 2500 km (with a point step of 100 km). The IKFS-2 FTIR spectrometer’s instantaneous field of view (IFOV) is 40 mrad (35 km), its spectral range is 660–2000 cm and its mass is about 50 kg [ 22 ]. The GaoFen-5 satellite-II (GMI-II) uses spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) for quantitative monitoring of atmospheric greenhouse gases [ 23 ].…”