Sixteen microsatellite loci for the <i>Bufo boreas</i> group

Simandle, Eric T.; Peacock, Mary M.; Zirelli, Laura; Tracy, C. Richard

doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01159.x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Tissues were digested in lysis buffer with Proteinase K, and genomic DNA was purified using a standard ethanol precipitation. Extracted samples were diluted to 10 ng lL )1 and used as template in PCR for 10 tri-and tetranucleotide microsatellite loci (Simandle et al, 2006). Forward primers for each PCR were labelled with a 5¢ fluorescent tag (6-FAM, NED, VIC or PET) for visualization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and topographic variables shape genetic structure and effective population sizes in the endangered Yosemite toad

Wang

2012

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Describing the landscape variables that accurately reflect how environmental and topographic variations affect population connectivity and demography is a major goal of landscape genetics and conservation biology. However, few landscape genetics studies have quantified the relationships between landscape variables and effective population size (Ne), although Ne is a key conservation and population genetics parameter. In this study, I estimated genetic structure and effective population sizes in the Yosemite toad (Bufo canorus) and tested for associations with environmental and geographic variables. Location Yosemite National Park, California, USA. Methods I estimated FST, Dps and Ne using 10 microsatellite loci amplified from 781 individuals from 24 populations. I used three landscape variables (environmental variation, topography and slope) to generate geographic distance models and a series of regression analyses to identify the variables that contributed to genetic structure in this species. I also tested for correlations between Ne and a suite of variables, including geographic and genetic isolation, habitat suitability, elevation, temperature and precipitation. Results I found substantial variation in genetic distances between populations (FST = 0.004–0.396, Dps = 0.045–0.839) and in effective population sizes (Ne = 9–52). Environmental variation and slope played important roles in explaining variation in genetic distances, and precipitation variables were significantly correlated with Ne. Main conclusions These results show that environmental and topographic variables are both important for understanding population connectivity in B. canorus and provide some of the first evidence, in any species, for a link between environmental variables and effective population size.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and topographic variables shape genetic structure and effective population sizes in the endangered Yosemite toad

Wang

2012

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Genomic DNA was extracted using Qiagen DNeasy tissue kits and protocols (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA, USA). Eleven species‐specific microsatellite loci ( BBR45 , BBR36 , BBR233 , BBR29 , BBR86 , BBR87‐b , BBR34‐2 , BBR4 , BBR281 , BBR292 , BBR293 ; Simandle et al. 2006) were amplified using PCR and scanned on an ABI Prism 3730 DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Inc.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the landscape on boreal toad gene flow: does the pattern-process relationship hold true across distinct landscapes at the northern range margin?

et al. 2011

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Understanding the impact of natural and anthropogenic landscape features on population connectivity is a major goal in evolutionary ecology and conservation. Discovery of dispersal barriers is important for predicting population responses to landscape and environmental changes, particularly for populations at geographic range margins. We used a landscape genetics approach to quantify the effects of landscape features on gene flow and connectivity of boreal toad (Bufo boreas) populations from two distinct landscapes in south-east Alaska (Admiralty Island, ANM, and the Chilkat River Valley, CRV). We used two common methodologies for calculating resistance distances in landscape genetics studies (resistance based on least-cost paths and circuit theory). We found a strong effect of saltwater on genetic distance of CRV populations, but no landscape effects were found for the ANM populations. Our discordant results show the importance of examining multiple landscapes that differ in the variability of their features, to maximize detectability of underlying processes and allow results to be broadly applicable across regions. Saltwater serves as a physiological barrier to boreal toad gene flow and affects populations on a small geographic scale, yet there appear to be few other barriers to toad dispersal in this intact northern region.

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“…All multiplex PCR reactions used a total volume of 10 ll. We amplified 11 microsatellite loci that were developed for Bufo boreas (BBR29, BBR17, BBR86, BBR87b, BBR36, BBR4, BBR292, BBR281, BBR34-2, BBR16, BBR201; (Simandle et al 2005). PCR conditions Fig.…”

Section: Dna Isolation and Microsatellite Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetic structure and disease in montane boreal toads: more heterozygous individuals are more likely to be infected with amphibian chytrid

et al. 2015

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Amphibians are more threatened than any other vertebrate group, with 41 % of species classified as threatened. The causes of most declines are not well understood, though many declines have been linked to disease. Additionally, amphibians are physiologically constrained to moist habitats and considered poor dispersers; thus, they may suffer genetic consequences of population isolation. To understand threats to the persistence of boreal toads (Bufo boreas) in Glacier National Park, USA, we genotyped 551 individuals at 11 microsatellite loci and used Bayesian clustering methods to describe population genetic structure and identify barriers to gene flow. We found evidence of two primary genetic groups that differed substantially in elevation and two secondary groups within the high elevation group. There was also evidence of further substructure within the southern high elevation group, suggesting mountain ridges are barriers to gene flow at local scales. Overall, genetic variation was high, but allelic richness declined with increasing elevation, reflecting greater isolation or smaller effective population sizes of high altitude populations. We tested for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the fungal pathogen which causes chytridiomycosis, and we found that 35 of 199 toads were positive for Bd. Unexpectedly, more heterozygous individuals were more likely to be infected. This suggests that dispersal facilitates the spread of disease because heterozygosity may be highest where dispersal and gene flow are greatest.

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Sixteen microsatellite loci for the Bufo boreas group

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Environmental and topographic variables shape genetic structure and effective population sizes in the endangered Yosemite toad

Environmental and topographic variables shape genetic structure and effective population sizes in the endangered Yosemite toad

Effects of the landscape on boreal toad gene flow: does the pattern-process relationship hold true across distinct landscapes at the northern range margin?

Population genetic structure and disease in montane boreal toads: more heterozygous individuals are more likely to be infected with amphibian chytrid

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