Size and biomechanic properties of diatom frustules influence food uptake by copepods

Friedrichs, Lars; Hörnig, Marie K.; Schulze, L.; Bertram, A. K.; Jansen, Sandra; Hamm, Christian

doi:10.3354/meps10227

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In contrast, they feed less on diatoms possessing more complex frustules with a high silica content and the fecal pellets produced exhibit greater stability (Friedrichs et al, 2013;Liu and Wu, 2016). Our results confirm that the protists N. scintillans and Euplotes sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of the Silica Content of Diatoms on Protozoan Grazing

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study examined the effect that silica content in diatom cells has on the behavior of protists. The diatoms Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana were cultured in high or low light conditions to achieve low and high silica contents, respectively. These cells were then fed to a heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans and a ciliate Euplotes sp. in single and mixed diet experiments. Our results showed that in general, N. scintillans and Euplotes sp. both preferentially ingested the diatoms with a low silica content rather than those with a high silica content. However, Euplotes sp. seemed to be less influenced by the silica content than was N. scintillans. In the latter case, the clearance and ingestion rate of the low silica diatoms were significantly higher, both in the short (6-h) and long (1-d) duration grazing experiments. Our results also showed that N. scintillans required more time to digest the high silica-containing cells. As the high silica diatoms are harder to digest, this might explain why N. scintillans exhibits a strong preference for the low silica prey. Thus, the presence of high silica diatoms might limit the ability of the dinoflagellate to feed. Our findings suggest that the silica content of diatoms affects their palatability and digestibility and, consequently, the grazing activity and selectivity of protozoan grazers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of the Silica Content of Diatoms on Protozoan Grazing

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Before going into the details of data compilation we want to emphasize once more that the motivation for this study was not to investigate the physiological response of diatoms to OA. Such meta-analyses or reviews have already been made (Dutkiewicz et al, 2015;Gao and Campbell, 2014). Instead, our goal was to summarize how diatoms respond to OA in their natural habitat.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO<sub>2</sub> effects on diatoms: a synthesis of more than a decade of ocean acidification experiments with natural communities

Bach

Taucher

2019

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. Diatoms account for up to 50 % of marine primary production and are considered to be key players in the biological carbon pump. Ocean acidification (OA) is expected to affect diatoms primarily by changing the availability of CO2 as a substrate for photosynthesis or through altered ecological interactions within the marine food web. Yet, there is little consensus how entire diatom communities will respond to increasing CO2. To address this question, we synthesized the literature from over a decade of OA-experiments with natural diatom communities to uncover the following: (1) if and how bulk diatom communities respond to elevated CO2 with respect to abundance or biomass and (2) if shifts within the diatom communities could be expected and how they are expressed with respect to taxonomic affiliation and size structure. We found that bulk diatom communities responded to high CO2 in ∼60 % of the experiments and in this case more often positively (56 %) than negatively (32 %) (12 % did not report the direction of change). Shifts among different diatom species were observed in 65 % of the experiments. Our synthesis supports the hypothesis that high CO2 particularly favours larger species as 12 out of 13 experiments which investigated cell size found a shift towards larger species. Unravelling winners and losers with respect to taxonomic affiliation was difficult due to a limited database. The OA-induced changes in diatom competitiveness and assemblage structure may alter key ecosystem services due to the pivotal role diatoms play in trophic transfer and biogeochemical cycles.

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“…, Friedrichs et al. ). For benthic species, which comprise the majority of diatom genera and species, there is far less information about the “why” of evolution, i.e., about the selective pressures that have driven the evolution of elaborate shape.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional significance of shape is largely unknown in diatoms, except in some planktonic forms, where insights have been gained in relation to sedimentation (e.g., Reynolds 1984), nutrient acquisition (e.g., Pahlow et al 1997, Sommer 1998 and grazing (e.g., Bergkvist et al 2012, Friedrichs et al 2013. For benthic species, which comprise the majority of diatom genera and species, there is far less information about the "why" of evolution, i.e., about the selective pressures that have driven the evolution of elaborate shape.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spermatogenesis and auxospore structure in the multipolar centric diatom Hydrosera

Idei

Sato

Nagasato

et al. 2015

Journal of Phycology

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Spermatogenesis and auxospore development were studied in the freshwater centric diatom Hydrosera triquetra. Spermatogenesis was unusual, lacking depauperating cell divisions within the spermatogonangium. Instead, a series of mitoses occurred within an undivided cell to produce a multinucleate plasmodium with peripheral nuclei, which then underwent meiosis. 32 or 64 sperm budded off from the plasmodium leaving a large residual cell containing all the chloroplasts. Similar development apparently occurs in Pleurosira, Aulacodiscus, and Guinardia, these being so distantly related that independent evolution of plasmodial spermatogenesis seems likely. After presumed fertilization, the Hydrosera egg cell expanded distally to form a triangular end part. However, unlike in other triangular diatoms (Lithodesmium, Triceratium), the development of triradiate symmetry was not controlled by the "canonical" method of a perizonium that constrains expansion to small terminal areas of the auxospore wall. Instead, the auxospore wall lacked a perizonium and possessed only scales and a dense mat of thin, apparently entangled strips of imperforate silica. No such structures have been reported from any other centric diatoms, the closest analogs being instead the incunabular strips of some raphid diatoms (Nitzschia and Pinnularia). Whether these silica structures are formed by the normal method (intracellular deposition within a silica deposition vesicle) is unknown. As well as being more rounded than vegetative cells, the initial cell is aberrant in its structure, since it has a less polarized distribution of the "triptych" pores characteristic of the species.

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Size and biomechanic properties of diatom frustules influence food uptake by copepods

Cited by 31 publications

References 90 publications

Effect of the Silica Content of Diatoms on Protozoan Grazing

Effect of the Silica Content of Diatoms on Protozoan Grazing

CO<sub>2</sub> effects on diatoms: a synthesis of more than a decade of ocean acidification experiments with natural communities

Spermatogenesis and auxospore structure in the multipolar centric diatom Hydrosera

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Size and biomechanic properties of diatom frustules influence food uptake by copepods

Cited by 31 publications

References 90 publications

Effect of the Silica Content of Diatoms on Protozoan Grazing

Effect of the Silica Content of Diatoms on Protozoan Grazing

CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; effects on diatoms: a synthesis of more than a decade of ocean acidification experiments with natural communities

Spermatogenesis and auxospore structure in the multipolar centric diatom Hydrosera

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CO<sub>2</sub> effects on diatoms: a synthesis of more than a decade of ocean acidification experiments with natural communities