Size and density fractionation of soil organic matter and the physical capacity of soils to protect organic matter

Hassink, J.; Whitmore, A. P.; Kubát, J.

doi:10.1016/s0378-519x(97)80025-6

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Targeting MAOM for SOM sequestration makes sense from a persistence perspective, but it may not always be feasible because MAOM can saturate (Gulde, Chung, Amelung, Chang, & Six, ; Hassink, Whitmore, & Kubat, ; Stewart, Paustian, Conant, Plante, & Six, ), while POM cannot. Also, MAOM sequestration requires more N than POM due to its lower C/N ratio (Cotrufo et al, in press).…”

Section: Addressing Global Change Challenges Using the Pom Versus Maomentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptualizing soil organic matter into particulate and mineral‐associated forms to address global change in the 21st century

Lavallee

Soong

Cotrufo

2019

Global Change Biology

1,070

598

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Managing soil organic matter (SOM) stocks to address global change challenges requires well‐substantiated knowledge of SOM behavior that can be clearly communicated between scientists, management practitioners, and policy makers. However, SOM is incredibly complex and requires separation into multiple components with contrasting behavior in order to study and predict its dynamics. Numerous diverse SOM separation schemes are currently used, making cross‐study comparisons difficult and hindering broad‐scale generalizations. Here, we recommend separating SOM into particulate (POM) and mineral‐associated (MAOM) forms, two SOM components that are fundamentally different in terms of their formation, persistence, and functioning. We provide evidence of their highly contrasting physical and chemical properties, mean residence times in soil, and responses to land use change, plant litter inputs, warming, CO2 enrichment, and N fertilization. Conceptualizing SOM into POM versus MAOM is a feasible, well‐supported, and useful framework that will allow scientists to move beyond studies of bulk SOM, but also use a consistent separation scheme across studies. Ultimately, we propose the POM versus MAOM framework as the best way forward to understand and predict broad‐scale SOM dynamics in the context of global change challenges and provide necessary recommendations to managers and policy makers.

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Section: Addressing Global Change Challenges Using the Pom Versus Maomentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptualizing soil organic matter into particulate and mineral‐associated forms to address global change in the 21st century

Lavallee

Soong

Cotrufo

2019

Global Change Biology

1,070

598

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“…The well‐known role of clay particles in the biophysical and chemical protection of OC (Christensen, ), by forming organo–mineral complexes, is consistent with the slightly larger carbon increase observed in F1 soil than in F2 soil. On the other hand, the sandy loam nature of F2 soil probably encouraged a partial leaching of the OM‐soluble fraction as well as oxidative processes that contributed to faster OM decomposition (Christensen, ; Hassink et al ., ). However, the calcareous nature of F2 could contribute to the stability of OC by forming stable Ca‐humates, resulting in the larger absolute increase of OC after amendment (Reintam, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combined use of compost and wood scraps to increase carbon stock and improve soil quality in intensive farming systems

Scotti

D’Ascoli

Cáceres

et al. 2015

European J Soil Science

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Intensive agricultural systems negatively affect soil quality principally because of a reduction in soil organic matter (OM). Sustainable practices providing organic amendments could be useful to maintain or increase OM content in agricultural soils, preserving and improving soil fertility. In this study, biomass with a large C:N ratio was applied to intensively farmed agricultural soils to maximize the increase of soil OM and hence chemical and biochemical fertility. In particular, 30 and 60 t ha−1 of two mixtures of compost and scraps from poplar pruning, A1 and A2, with different C:N ratios (15 and 25, respectively), were applied to soils of two farms (F1 and F2) in a Mediterranean area (southern Italy) on an annual basis for two consecutive years. An effective, long-lasting increase of soil OM, on average of 60 and 55% in F1 and F2 soils, respectively, was reached at the end of the experiment. As well as a progressive increase in the C:N ratio, total N and available P also increased with organic amendments, with positive effects on soil microbial activity as demonstrated by the enhancement of the seven studied enzymatic activities. Principal component analysis demonstrated different responses to various organic amendments between F1 and F2 soils because of their geopedological diversity. The results indicate that the C:N ratio of the mixture is an important factor, but what is the best rate of addition to use is still not obvious. The use of a smaller amount (30 t ha−1) of the A1 mixture (10:1 compost:wood) appears, in these types of soils, to be the most suitable strategy to produce significant benefits

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“…Activities carried out during site preparation, such as natural vegetation clearing and plowing (up to ~20-cm depth) probably lead to net SOC losses because they increase aggregates disruption and aeration as well as increase the availability of native labile organic carbon for decomposers. The particulate SOC pool, which is very sensitive to management [56], could be easily oxidized at plantation time due to soil preparation activities. The SOC pool associated with clays, which is more resistant to disruption, could be retained in the mineral soil, forming 60-70% of the actual carbon pool in the studied soils (see Section 3.3).…”

Section: Soil Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conservative practices are important at this point; for example, the adoption of minimum tillage in soil preparation in Brazil has implied significant reductions of SOC losses under plantations in the last decade [47]. Forest management is highly relevant in tropical soils where 20-40% of total SOC is related to particulate OM [8], which is the most sensitive pool to decomposition losses, and it is mainly controlled by management [56]. Not only coarse particulate SOC, but also the fine occluded fraction could have been oxidized, even in the B horizons where SOC may be less stable than is often thought [58].…”

Section: Soil Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Eucalyptus and Pinus Forest Management on Soil Organic Carbon in Brazilian Wooded-Savanna

Montero¹,

Delitti²

2018

Forest Biomass and Carbon

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Forestry has been recommended for carbon cycle management since it promotes carbon accumulation in soils and vegetation. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is fundamental to fertility and crop production in tropical soils and its conservation is critical to sustainable land management of neotropical savannas. Thirty to forty years of Eucalyptus and Pinus forestry in original Brazilian wooded-savanna affected forest floor layers, SOC and organic matter (OM) quality. Eucalyptus and Pinus showed higher forest floor carbon stocks than natural forest plots. On the surface soil layer, plantation effects on SOC were mediated by site-dependent factors. Below 10 cm, both plantations showed lower SOC than the native forest. The relationship between carbon and clay contents was significant in subsurface soil layers, suggesting that the particulate OM pool had been depleted by plantation activities. Plantations lead to soil OM replacement to a depth of 5 cm within 30 years. The new litter and OM in the plantations had lower quality (higher C:N ratios) than in natural forests. Our results indicate that particular care must be taken when choosing forest management practices in tropical-weathered soils because they can oxidize a significant part of the SOC pool with negative consequences to soil fertility and aggregate stability.

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Size and density fractionation of soil organic matter and the physical capacity of soils to protect organic matter

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Conceptualizing soil organic matter into particulate and mineral‐associated forms to address global change in the 21st century

Conceptualizing soil organic matter into particulate and mineral‐associated forms to address global change in the 21st century

Combined use of compost and wood scraps to increase carbon stock and improve soil quality in intensive farming systems

Effects of Eucalyptus and Pinus Forest Management on Soil Organic Carbon in Brazilian Wooded-Savanna

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