Size- and dose-dependent toxicity of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) on human fibroblasts and colon adenocarcinoma

Hanif, Zahid; Ahmed, Farrukh Rafiq; Shin, Seung Won; Kim, Young-Kee; Um, Soong Ho

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.04.018

Cited by 90 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…27,28 Based on their demonstrated low cytotoxicity [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] they have also recently gained interest in biomedical applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery and bioimaging. 30,[36][37][38] To date, CNCs have been used as a reinforcing component in hydrogels 5 (primarily polyacrylamide-based materials [39][40][41] ) and other biocomposite materials including electrospun poly(lactic acid) 42 and cellulose fiber scaffolds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mechanical Properties in Cellulose Nanocrystal–Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels through Control of Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking

2016

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While injectable hydrogels have several advantages in the context of biomedical use, their generally weak mechanical properties often limit their applications. Herein we describe in situgelling nanocomposite hydrogels based on poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) and rigid rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) that can overcome this challenge. By physically incorporating CNCs into hydrazone cross-linked POEGMA hydrogels, macroscopic properties including gelation rate, swelling kinetics, mechanical properties, and hydrogel stability can be readily tailored. Strong adsorption of aldehyde and hydrazide modified POEGMA precursor polymers onto the surface of CNCs promotes uniform dispersion of CNCs within the hydrogel, imparts physical cross-links throughout the network, and significantly improves mechanical strength overall, as demonstrated by quartz crystal microbalance gravimetry and rheometry.When POEGMA hydrogels containing mixtures of long and short ethylene oxide side chain precursor polymers were prepared, transmission electron microscopy reveals that phase segregation occurs with CNCs hypothesized to preferentially locate within the stronger adsorbing short side chain polymer domains. Incorporating as little as 5 wt % CNCs results in dramatic enhancements in mechanical properties (up to 35-fold increases in storage modulus) coupled with faster gelation rates, decreased swelling ratios, and increased stability versus hydrolysis. Furthermore, cell viability can be maintained within 3D culture using these hydrogels independent of the CNC content. These properties collectively make POEGMA-CNC

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mechanical Properties in Cellulose Nanocrystal–Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels through Control of Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking

2016

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“…However, several studies found a dose dependency of CNC cytotoxicity. 25,49,53,56,57 The most pronounced decrease in cell viability was reported by Kovacs et al, who reported a decrease in rainbow trout hepatocyte viability of 20% at an estimated CNC concentration of 0.034 mg/ mL and a decrease of 50%, i.e., cytotoxic effects at an estimated concentration of 0.245 mg/mL. 49 The results of Kovacs et al are in stark contrast to the findings of a more recent study by Zoppe et al, who reported human corneal epithelial cell viabilities in excess of 90% at a CNC concentration of 0.1% (*1 mg/mL).…”

Section: Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reports available in the literature to date are summarized in Table 2. 25,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] Most studies showed CNCs to have no cytotoxic effects, as defined by ISO standard 10993-5, i.e., not to reduce cell viability by more than 30%. However, several studies found a dose dependency of CNC cytotoxicity.…”

Section: Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Review

Roman

2015

Industrial Biotechnology

273

147

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a biobased nanomaterial attracting increasing interest for a range of potential applications. This article reviews the current literature on the pulmonary, oral, dermal, and cytotoxicity of CNCs. Current studies of the oral and dermal toxicity of CNCs have shown a lack of adverse health effects, whereas studies of the pulmonary and cytotoxicity have yielded discordant results. Additional studies are needed to support the general conclusion that CNCs are nontoxic on ingestion or contact with the skin and to determine whether CNCs have adverse health effects on inhalation or elicit inflammatory or oxidative stress responses at the cellular level. This review underscores the importance of careful sample characterization and exclusion of interfering factors, such as the presence of endotoxins or toxic chemical impurities, for a detailed understanding of the potential adverse health effects of CNCs by various exposure routes.

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“…The in-vitro cell viabilities of both, HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma cells) and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma cells) against halloysite nanotubes were tested using a WST-1 assay (Biovision, CA, USA) [29][30][31]. Initially, cells from continuous passage numbers of 12 and 7, respectively, were each seeded into three 96-well plates (Flat Bottom Costar, Corning, NY, USA) at a density of 2.5 × 10 4 cells per well for HCT116 and 2.0 × 10 4 cells per well for HepG2.…”

Section: In-vitro Cytotoxicity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vitro assessment of cytotoxicity of halloysite nanotubes against HepG2, HCT116 and human peripheral blood lymphocytes

Ahmed

Shoaib

Azhar

et al. 2015

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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Size- and dose-dependent toxicity of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) on human fibroblasts and colon adenocarcinoma

Cited by 90 publications

References 15 publications

Enhanced Mechanical Properties in Cellulose Nanocrystal–Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels through Control of Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking

Enhanced Mechanical Properties in Cellulose Nanocrystal–Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels through Control of Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking

Toxicity of Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Review

In-vitro assessment of cytotoxicity of halloysite nanotubes against HepG2, HCT116 and human peripheral blood lymphocytes

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