ZnFe2O4 was fabricated by a simple solution-combustion method. The structural, optical and electronic properties are investigated by XRD, TEM, FESEM, UV–vis DRS, PL, FTIR and photocurrent measurements. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared material is studied with regard to the degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) and Congo red under solar irradiation. The kinetic study showed that the material exhibits zeroth and first order reaction kinetics for the degradation of Rh B and Congo red, respectively. The photocatalytic behaviour of ZnFe2O4 was systematically studied as a function of the activation temperature. ZnFe2O4 prepared at 500 °C showed the highest activity in degrading Rh B and Congo red. The highest activity of ZnFe2O4-500 °C correlates well with the lowest PL intensity, highest photocurrent and lowest particle size.
ZnFe2O4 was fabricated by a simple solution-combustion method. The structural, optical and electronic properties are investigated by XRD, TEM, FESEM, UV–vis DRS, PL, FTIR and photocurrent measurements. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared material is studied with regard to the degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) and Congo red under solar irradiation. The kinetic study showed that the material exhibits zeroth and first order reaction kinetics for the degradation of Rh B and Congo red, respectively. The photocatalytic behaviour of ZnFe2O4 was systematically studied as a function of the activation temperature. ZnFe2O4 prepared at 500 °C showed the highest activity in degrading Rh B and Congo red. The highest activity of ZnFe2O4-500 °C correlates well with the lowest PL intensity, highest photocurrent and lowest particle size.
“…al. [33][34] reported the synthesize of monodisperse spinel ferrite nanoparticles using sonochemical and polyol methods. This research group noticed that the sonochemical method could be effectively used for the synthesis of nanocrystalline ferrite with narrow size distribution and also observed the advantages of the sonochemical method over the polyol method in producing highly crystalline, monodisperse nanoparticles with uniform size and shape.…”
In this work, a facile and green method for gadolinium doped cobalt ferrite (CoFe 2-x Gd x O 4 ; x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) nanoparticles by using ultrasonic irradiation was reported. The impact of Gd 3+ substitution on the structural, magnetic, dielectric and electrical properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was evaluated. The sonochemically synthesized spinel ferrite nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirmed the formation of single phase spinel ferrite of CoFe 2-x Gd x O 4 nanoparticles. XRD results also revealed that ultrasonic irradiation seems to be favourable to achieve highly crystalline single crystal phase gadolinium doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles without any post annealing process. Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman Spectra confirmed the formation of spinel ferrite crystal structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the impact of Gd 3+ substitution in CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles on cation distribution at the tetrahedral and octahedral site in spinel ferrite crystal system. The electrical properties showed that the Gd 3+ doped cobalt ferrite (CoFe 2-x Gd x O 4 ; x= 0.20) exhibit enhanced Page 2 of 42 dielectric constant (277 at 100 Hz) and ac conductivity (20.2 x 10 -9 S/cm at 100 Hz). The modulus spectroscopy demonstrated the impact of Gd 3+ substitution in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles on grain boundary relaxation time, capacitance and resistance. Magnetic property measurement revealed that the coercivity decreases with Gd 3+ substitution from 234.32 Oe (x=0.00) to 12.60 Oe (x=0.05) and further increases from 12.60 Oe (x=0.05) to 68.62 Oe (x=0.20). Moreover, saturation magnetization decreases with Gd 3+ substitution from 40.19 emu/g (x=0.00) to 21.58 emu/g (x=0.20). This work demonstrates that the grain size and cation distribution in Gd 3+ doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method, is effective in controlling the structural, magnetic, and electrical properties, and can be find very promising applications.Keywords: Sonochemical Synthesis, Cavitation, Nanoparticles, Magnetic Property, Dielectric Property, Impedance and Modulus Spectroscopy
IntroductionSpinel ferrite nanoparticles have a vast potential for several scientific and technological Their studies on the well regenerability of the adsorbent in addition to its high adsorption capacity make it promising for such adsorption applications. The enhancement of adsorption capacity with the assistance of ultrasound was due to the hydrodynamic and thermal processes of acoustic cavitation. E.A . Dil et. al. [26] reported the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticle-loaded activated carbon (CuO-NP-AC) and used as an efficient adsorbent for the ultrasound-assisted simultaneous removal of the Pb 2+ ion and malachite green (MG) dye. This research group observed that the...
“…The surface contents of Mn, Ni and Fe in U-MnNiFe@NCB are 0.28 at%, 0.23 at% and 0.91 at%, respectively, as summarized in Table S2 ; that is, the atomic ratio of Mn to Ni to Fe is 1:0.82:3.25. Thus, the chemical formula of Mn-doped NiFe 2 O 4 anchored on the polymer-grafted CB synthesized by the ultrasonication can be written as Mn 0.6 Ni 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 , the formation of which should involve the following steps under the ultrasonic irradiation [41] : Fig. 4 Narrow-scan XPS spectra of U-MnNiFe@NCB: C 1 s (a), N 1 s (b), O 1 s (c), Fe 2p (d), Mn 2p (e), and Ni 2p (f).…”
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