Size effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the electrochemical oxidation of propionic acid derivative drugs: Ibuprofen and naproxen

An advanced approach for electrochemical sensing of ibuprofen in pharmaceuticals and human urine samples using a bare boron-doped diamond electrode

“…With regards to potentiometric sensing, various membrane sensors providing detection limit (LOD) for IBP in the range of 10 −4 -10 −5 mol L −1 have been explored, based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) incorporated with MWCNT/β-cyclodextrin [16], drug-ferroin ionassociation complexes as electroactive material [17], different plasticizers [18] and commercial cyclodextrins [19] as well as various quaternary ammonium salts as ion exchangers [20] and mercury(I) ibuprofenate indicator [21]. Amperometric determinations of IBP utilizing various bare and/or modified carbon-based working electrodes have been introduced by Montes et al [22] and Chaves et al [23] with LOD of 1.9×10 −6 and 1.3×10 −7 mol L −1 , respectively. As to voltammetric techniques with bare (chemically unmodified) and conventional working electrodes, screen printed graphite electrode (SPGE) has shown rapid, cost-effective and reproducible performance for in-field IBP determination with LOD of 6.3×10 −6 mol L −1 accomplished by square-wave voltammetric mode (SWV) [24].…”

New Generation of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

“…The quantification of acetaminophen on Co-Pht/f -MWCNT/Au-NP/GCE was carried out by square-wave voltammetry (SWV) that, in turn, showed a sensitivity (LOD = 0.135 µmol L −1 ) and reproducibility similar to the standard ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric procedure (at the wavelength of 257 nm). Montes et al [31] studied the superior electrochemical activity of MWCNTs with shorter dimensions (diameter × length: 100-170 nm × 5-9 µm and 6-9 nm × 5 µm) towards the oxidation of propionic acid derivatives, which are drugs with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetric (CV) data showed better electrocatalysis effect, R tc and signal amplification for the sensor constructed with the shorter diameter nanostructures due to the increased defect density revealed by Raman spectroscopic measurements.…”

Determination of naproxen by using differential pulse voltammetry with poly (aniline-2-sulfonic acid) modified boron doped diamond electrode

“…15,16 Electrochemical sensors prepared by modifying various electrodes to create selective regions specific to analytes are very useful for clinical, environmental, and biomechanical analysis. 17 Naproxen has been determined voltammetrically using various electrodes, including mercury, 18 platinum, 19,20 boron-doped diamond, 2,21 gold, 22 glassy carbon, 23 carbon nanofiber, 24 graphite, 25,26 multiwalled carbon nanotubes/glassy carbon 27,28 graphene oxide 29 and nanomaterial modified carbon paste [30][31][32] electrodes.…”