Size Estimation of Bulk Capacitor Removal Using Limited Power Quality Monitors in the Distribution Network

Tan, Min-gang; Zhang, Chaohai; Chen, Bin

doi:10.3390/su142215153

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Some APFCs include a stabilization component of the supply voltage in addition to the measurement component. Current measurements in the installation can be performed with CTs (the classic type) or, more easily, with amp clamps [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Of 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost System with Transient Reduction for Automatic Power Factor Controller in Three-Phase Low-Voltage Installations

Popa,

Diniș

2024

Energies

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In power engineering, the importance of maintaining a high power factor in low-voltage electrical installations is known. In power substations for industry, the usual method of coupling is to use an automatic power factor controller which connects capacitors banks (with electromagnetic contactors). Sometimes, AC reactors are connected to the phases of the capacitors banks (to reduce transient phenomena and the deforming regime), depending on the desired value of the power factor. This paper presents an analysis (more focused on experimentation) of a low-cost system for automatic regulation of the power factor with a reduction in transients and an increase in the life of contactors (eliminating the electric arc during switching on), with capacitors banks for low-voltage three-phase installations that connect the capacitors banks by means of one three-phase solid-state relay (an expensive device for a quality device; one is used for all capacitors banks) and using several electromagnetic contactors. The automatic power factor adjustment system has a controller with a microprocessor with six outputs, controlled by the phase shift between the current (measured with a current transformer proportional to the current in a bar) and the phase voltage, which is part of a system of distribution bars (L1,2,3, N) from which electrical consumers (e.g., induction motors) are supplied. To reduce transients when connecting capacitors banks, a three-phase solid-state relay and two related electromagnetic contactors are used for each capacitors bank. The automatic power factor controller is connected to two low-capacity PLCs that control the logic of connecting the capacitors banks to reduce transients. By using the proposed regulation system, a cheaper control solution is obtained compared to the use of one solid-state relay for each capacitors banks, under the conditions in which the power factor adjustment is made as in the classic solution. If twelve capacitors banks are used, the proposed installation is 22.57% cheaper than the classical power factor regulation installation.

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Section: Of 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost System with Transient Reduction for Automatic Power Factor Controller in Three-Phase Low-Voltage Installations

Popa,

Diniș

2024

Energies

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“…The main methods of improving power factor correction depend on the position of the capacitors banks, as follows: the distribution power factor correction, the group power factor correction, the central power factor correction, the combined power factor correction, and the automatic power factor correction. According to the literature, improving the power factors in power engineering can lead to cost savings of 10 to 30% [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Analysis of Three-Phase Low-Voltage Power Factor Controllers Used in a Deforming Regime

Diniș,

Popa

2024

Energies

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In industry, to improve the power factor in low-voltage power substations, a power factor controller (the most used method) can be installed which connects capacitors banks (connected, or not, with coils) in the electrical installation. The most important parameters of power engineering are the power factors that indicate the efficiency of energy use. Currently, many non-linear consumers (more single-phase than three-phase) are used on low voltages. Harmonics (currents and/or voltages) are the most important dynamic component of power quality, affecting electrical equipment performance and also reducing power factors. The purpose of this analysis is to increase the displacement power factor and to decrease the total harmonic distortion (for the current) in the conditions where there are linear and non-linear consumers, where the power factor must be improved with capacitors banks. Relevant different consumers have been selected for both the industry and the home sector, as follows: inductive motors that are linear, inductive consumers, compact fluorescent lamps that are non-linear, and capacitive consumers. This analysis was carried out depending on the number of steps used for the power factor controller, the values of the capacitors banks, the AC reactor (connected in series with all consumers), and the LC shunt filters. For a slight deformation regime, a large number of capacitors banks with different values ensure a finer adjustment of the displacement factor. The maximum number of steps that regulators can command should not necessarily be used (the reliability of the installation decreases with the increase in the number of capacitors banks), but a reduced number of steps can be used, which can lead to higher values of displacement power factors. To improve the deforming regime and to increase the displacement power factor, the use of LC shunt filters, connected to a small number of steps, will also increase the displacement power factor (over 0.9) and decrease the total harmonic distortion (up to 7–10%) for the current. Weaker results were obtained with AC reactors connected to the power supply phases of consumers and, if a larger number of stages were used, to which LC shunt filters were connected, these filters become difficult to calibrate (resonances occur).

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Size Estimation of Bulk Capacitor Removal Using Limited Power Quality Monitors in the Distribution Network

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Low-Cost System with Transient Reduction for Automatic Power Factor Controller in Three-Phase Low-Voltage Installations

Low-Cost System with Transient Reduction for Automatic Power Factor Controller in Three-Phase Low-Voltage Installations

An Experimental Analysis of Three-Phase Low-Voltage Power Factor Controllers Used in a Deforming Regime

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