Size fractionation of high-density polyethylene breakdown nanoplastics reveals different toxic response in Daphnia magna

Ekvall, Mikael T.; Gimskog, Isabella; Hua, Jing; Kelpsiene, Egle; Lundqvist, Martin; Cedervall, Tommy

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06991-1

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Recent observations that the hazard of aging microplastics may be predominantly attributed to the released DOC add to the relevance of identifying recalcitrant species in the DOC. 79 This would extend our understanding of microplastics' environmental fate beyond observations from residual polymer and could support (i) the design of new materials, e.g., exploiting physicochemical properties that allow polymer and by-products to be (bio)degradable, and (ii) regulatory efforts, e.g., by limiting the production and application of polymers that release persistent or toxic DOC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical weathering of polyurethane microplastics produced complex and dynamic mixtures of dissolved organic chemicals

Albergamo

Wohlleben²,

Plata

2023

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical weathering of polyurethane microplastics produced complex and dynamic mixtures of dissolved organic chemicals

Albergamo

Wohlleben²,

Plata

2023

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…The emission sources as well as the impact of NPLs in the environment remain largely unknown mainly due to the limitations concerning the characterization and identification of small carbon-based particles in complex matrices [15] . In this context, studies are increasingly addressing the potential release of primary and secondary NPLs under relevant conditions.…”

Section: Source and Occurrence Of Npls In Freshwater Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no agreement within the scientific community regarding the upper limit of this size range. Some authors use the limit of 100 nm [15,16] , while others prefer 1000 nm [17,18] . There are reasons to support any of these definitions based on analytical limitations or colloidal behavior in water suspension, but a detailed discussion is outside the scope of this review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoplastic toxicity towards freshwater organisms

Tamayo-Belda¹,

Pulido-Reyes²,

Rosal³

et al. 2022

Water Emerg Contam & Nanoplastics

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The fragmentation of plastic litter into smaller fragments, known as microplastics and nanoplastics, as well as their toxicity and environmental distribution have become issues of high concern. Furthermore, the popularization of bioplastics as a greener substitute of conventional plastics represents a challenge for the scientific community in view of the limited information concerning their potential environmental impact. Here, we systematically review the recent knowledge on the environmental fate and toxicity of nanoplastics in freshwater environments, discuss the results obtained thus far, and identify several knowledge gaps. The sources and environmental behaviors of nanoplastics are presented considering in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies with a focus on real exposure scenarios. Their effects on organisms are classified based on their impact on primary producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers. This review covers the main results published in the last four years, including all relevant experimental details and highlighting the most sensitive toxicity endpoints assessed in every study. We also include more recent results on the potential environmental impact of biodegradable plastics, a type of material belonging to the category of bioplastics for which there are still scarce data. This review identifies a need to perform studies using secondary nanoplastics rather than synthetic commercial materials as well as to include other polymers apart from polystyrene. There is also an urgent need to assess the possible risk of nanoplastics at environmentally realistic concentrations using sublethal endpoints and long-term assays.

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“…Ekvall et al also recently reported on nanoplastics of high-density polyethylene displaying a diameter around 110 nm which induced a size-dependent toxic effect in the zooplankton species Daphnia magna. [16] In their method, the prepared polyethylene particles were not stable in solution over time, that is, no nanoparticles were detected after a storage time of 100 days. Very likely, their 𝜁 potential of about −10.9 ± 6.4 mV was not sufficient to allow for colloidal long-term stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Dispersions of Polypropylene: Toward Reference Materials for Characterizing Nanoplastics

Hildebrandt

Thünemann

2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Microplastics and nanoplastics pollute the natural environment all over the world, but the full extent of the hazards posed by this waste is unclear. While research on microplastics is well advanced, little work has been done on nanoplastics. This discrepancy is mainly due to the lacking ability to detect nanoplastics in biologically and environmentally relevant matrices. Nanoplastics reference materials can help the development of suitable methods for identifying and quantifying nanoplastics in nature. The aim is to synthesize nanoplastics made from one of the most commonly used plastics, namely polypropylene. An easy way to produce long‐term stable aqueous dispersions of polypropylene nanoparticles (nano polypropylene) is reported. The nanoplastic particles, prepared by mechanical breakdown, show a mean hydrodynamic diameter of Dh = 180.5 ± 5.8 nm and a polydispersity index of PDI = 0.084 ± 0.02. No surfactant is needed to obtain dispersion which is stable for more than 6 months. The colloidal stability of the surfactant‐free nano polypropylene dispersions is explained by their low zeta potential of ζ = −43 ± 2 mV.

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Size fractionation of high-density polyethylene breakdown nanoplastics reveals different toxic response in Daphnia magna

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Photochemical weathering of polyurethane microplastics produced complex and dynamic mixtures of dissolved organic chemicals

Photochemical weathering of polyurethane microplastics produced complex and dynamic mixtures of dissolved organic chemicals

Nanoplastic toxicity towards freshwater organisms

Aqueous Dispersions of Polypropylene: Toward Reference Materials for Characterizing Nanoplastics

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