Size relationship between airborne viable bacteria and particles in a controlled indoor environment study

Tham, Kwok Wai; Zuraimi, M.S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00303.x

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The results indicate that there were significant weak to strong positive correlations of bacterial concentrations to size-segregated NC at particle sizes of 1.6-17.5 µm and 25-32 µm (R = 0.233-0.625, p = 0.000-0.049), indicating that bacteria are widespread on fine and coarse particles. Our study produced similar results as other related studies (Oxborrow et al, 1975;Parat et al, 1999;Batterman, 2001;Tham and Zuraimi, 2005).…”

Section: Correlation Between Bacterial Bioaerosols and Ncsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Bhangar et al (2016) indicated that each person generates 0.9-0.3 million coarse particle bioaerosols (2.5-10 µm) per hour, of which walking, sitting, physical activities of upper limbs, clothing, or the contact between clothing and skin are main sources. Tham and Zuraimi (2005) indicated that indoor viable bacteria with particle sizes of 1-2 µm exist alone, viable bacteria with particle sizes of 3-7.5 µm exist as aggregates, and viable bacteria with particle sizes > 7.5 µm originate from the shedding of human skin. Taking the results from other literature and our study together, there were significant weak to strong positive correlations of indoor airborne bacterial concentrations to size-segregated NC at particle sizes of 1.6-17.5 µm and 25-32 µm, respectively.…”

Section: Correlation Between Bacterial Bioaerosols and Ncmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, some studies have established linear or nonlinear statistical correlations between bioaerosol concentrations and different variables to predict the concentration of indoor airborne biological pollutants such as correlations between bacterial bioaerosols and particle number concentration in different indoor environments (Parat et al, 1999;Mirhoseini et al, 2016), fungal concentration and relative humidity in office buildings (Law et al, 2001), fungal bioaerosols and building age, ambient temperature, relative humidity, CO 2 , and ventilation in primary schools (Bartlett et al, 2004), bacterial bioaerosols and particle size range in cabins with a controllable environment (Tham and Zuraimi, 2005), bacterial bioaerosols with temperature and relative humidity in air-conditioned offices (Mui et al, 2008), and bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in office buildings with building monitoring and management data (Tseng et al, 2011). These studies investigated one or more independent variables, and were confined to the same indoor space or type of space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Indoor Bioaerosols in Public Spaces by Real-Time Measured Airborne Particles

Huang

Lee

Shih

2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Humans spend a considerable amount of time indoors, and indoor biological airborne pollutants may harm human health. Active bioaerosol samplers and conventional microbiological culture methods, which are widely applied in studies of airborne microbial contamination, are not only unable to perform continuous monitoring over long periods, but are also time-consuming and expensive. In order to rapid assess indoor airborne microbial contamination, multiple linear regression models were constructed by statistically analyzing the measured bioaerosol samples and the real-time measured mass and number concentrations of airborne particles using a direct reading instrument from 43 air-conditioned public spaces. There were significant positive correlations of indoor airborne bacterial and fungal concentrations with indoor sizesegregated particle mass and number concentrations. The predictive power of the model was sufficient for predicting indoor bacterial concentrations from the indoor and outdoor size-segregated particle number concentrations as independent variables. Particle number concentration outperforms particle mass concentration as an independent variable in predicting indoor bioaerosol concentrations. The prediction model for indoor bacterial bioaerosol levels constructed in this study could facilitate a rapid assessment of potential airborne bacterial contamination via the simple and feasible measurement of particle number concentration, thus helping to improve the management and maintenance of indoor air quality.

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Section: Correlation Between Bacterial Bioaerosols and Ncsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Correlation Between Bacterial Bioaerosols and Ncmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Indoor Bioaerosols in Public Spaces by Real-Time Measured Airborne Particles

Huang

Lee

Shih

2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Bacterial spores and cells are usually smaller, ranging from 1-5 µm. However, both fungi and bacteria can form spore chains or cell clusters or they can become attached to larger particles, such as clay or other soil particles, plant fragments or skin scales shed from human and animals (Tham and Zuraimi, 2005). All of the measured microbial groups were sporadically detected in the smallest size fraction (PM 0.2 ), which indicates that microbial fragments smaller than intact cells or spores are continually present in the indoor and outdoor air.…”

Section: Microbial Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Chemical and Microbial Species from Size-Segregated Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Samples

Sippula

Rintala

Happo

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The respirable particles in both outdoor and indoor air contain several different components that are considered to have adverse health effects; e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), various metals and microbial species. In this study, size segregated particle samples were collected for chemical, microbial and toxicological analyses from the indoor and outdoor air during each season of the year. The indoor sampling was carried out in a new, detached house with a novel sampling approach. The inorganic species accounted for 8-43% of the total respirable particles. The highest fine particle metal concentrations, both outdoors and indoors, were observed during summer, when the air quality was affected by wildfire smoke plumes, while in coarse particles the total metal concentrations were the highest during the spring, due to the high contribution from mineral dust. The PAH concentrations were 1.3 to 4.8 times higher in outdoor than in indoor air, and they were clearly the highest during winter, most probably due to residential heating, which is a major PAH source. PAHs with four rings had the largest contribution to the total PAHs. Microbial DNA was observed in all size classes, but the highest concentrations were measured in the coarse (PM 2.5-10 ) fraction. The microbial concentrations were higher in the indoor air samples during winter, while in the outdoor ones during summer.

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“…They observed that it was not possible to produce monodispersed single 28 nm aerosol particles, and that due to hydrophobic interactions between neighbouring protein capsids, viral particles tended to form large agglomerated structures during aerosolisation. Tham and Zuraimi [8] studied the indoor airborne viable bacteria of human origin. They found that at particle sizes between 3 and 7.5 lm, the bacteria exist as clumps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Viable Spores in Bacillus atrophaeus (BG) Particles of 1 to 9 μm Size Range

Duncan¹,

Ho²

2008

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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This study examined the viable organism content in a bioaerosol disseminated from a letter contaminated with Bacillus atrophaeus (BG) (anthrax simulant). In addition to using nutrient medium based slit samplers to sample the bioaerosol in the air space where the dispersion occurred, the individual who opened the contaminated letter was also used as a bioaerosol sampler by incorporating an external filter trap positioned over the inlet of the respirator filter canister worn by the individual. The reasons for this latter approach should be clear: it would provide actual quantitative information on the inhalation exposure hazard to an individual faced with this scenario. Where bioaerosol particles may be comprised of aggregates of many smaller particles, organism viability within the aggregate is important and may have an impact on the current definition of ‘infectious dose’ or ‘lethal dose’. Both terms assume single organism counts. Results from two different methods of measuring aerosols due to opening contaminated letters are presented: slit samplers and glass microfibre filter medium placed on the inlet port of a respirator cartridge. The total number of viable bioaerosol particles measured at the inhalation port of the filter canister was 40 times greater than measured by the slit samplers. Accordingly, this may be accounted for by a distribution of bioaerosol particles comprised of aggregates of single BG spores. A model has been proposed that estimates the number of individual viable spores in a distribution of aerosol particles through a relatively simple probability density function distribution for particle size, and which incorporates realistic assumptions regarding particle diameters, packing density and spore viability.

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Size relationship between airborne viable bacteria and particles in a controlled indoor environment study

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

Assessment of Indoor Bioaerosols in Public Spaces by Real-Time Measured Airborne Particles

Assessment of Indoor Bioaerosols in Public Spaces by Real-Time Measured Airborne Particles

Characterization of Chemical and Microbial Species from Size-Segregated Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Samples

Estimation of Viable Spores in Bacillus atrophaeus (BG) Particles of 1 to 9 μm Size Range

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