Size, scatter and coverage of ganglion cell receptive field centres in the cat retina.

Peichl, Leo; Wässle, Heinz

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012803

Cited by 267 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…5). Comparable asymmetries, including an asymmetrical peak over the soma, have actually been observed in maps of on-alpha receptive fields (6,26,40). Probably these small irregularities are smoothed at the next stage of convergence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…We converted center diameter to rc by noting that the center diameter overestimates rc by a factor of 2.06 for on-alpha cells and 2.6 for on-beta cells, where both have been measured at the same location (1,25) (see ref. 26 for an explanation). Therefore, rc for the on-alpha and on-beta cells equaled their center diameters divided by these factors and converted to a linear measurement over the retinal surface (27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computational model of the on-alpha ganglion cell receptive field based on bipolar cell circuitry.

Freed

Smith

Sterling

1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The on-alpha ganglion cell in the area cen- its receptive field has a center and surround (13).Here we combine the general structure of the analytical models with detailed anatomical data to compute the contribution of the b, array to the on-alpha receptive field. The computation assumes, like the analytical models, that the on-alpha cell sums its inputs linearly. Although there are temporal nonlinearities within the on-alpha receptive field, given moderate stimulus contrast, these nonlinearities apparently sum in a spatially linear fashion (9, 11). The computation also assumes that every b, synapse evokes the same conductance increase in the on-alpha cell (for a given depolarization of the bipolar cell) and that this conductance increase depolarizes the on-alpha cell. These assumptions simplify the computation of the on-alpha receptive field to a weighted summation of bipolar receptive fields. A bipolar cell's weight depends on the number of synapses it contributes to the on-alpha dendrites and the electrotonic effects of these synapses at the soma.The receptive fields of both on and off types of alpha (Y) ganglion cells are tuned to low spatial frequencies (cutoff frequency, 2 c/degree in area centralis) (1). The Y cell contributes the major retinal input to area 18, which may explain the low-frequency tuning of this area (2, 3). The alpha cell's contribution to the visual system depends critically on the structure of its receptive field. There are two overlapping regions: a relatively broad center and a still broader antagonistic surround, each with a roughly Gaussian distribution of sensitivity (4-7).The question we address here is how does the alpha (Y) receptive field structure arise from retinal circuitry? Analytical models of the alpha receptive field give some important clues (8-11). Such models, as schematized in Fig. 1, hypothesize the receptive field to arise from a pooling of linear subunits. Each linear subunit has a center and surround with Gaussian distributions of sensitivity. These linear subunits are weighted individually and summed in a linear fashion. If appropriate distributions of sensitivity for the subunits are chosen, as well as the correct weightings, then the summed subunit centers duplicate the alpha center and the summed subunit surrounds duplicate the alpha surround (8). Although correspondence has not been established between linear subunits and any particular elements of retinal circuitry, they closely resemble, by their individual properties and their array, the bipolar cells that contact the on-alpha cell. We had previously described this source ofinput by reconstructing an on-alpha cell from serial, electron microscopic sections.Most bipolar synapses (82-89%) derive from a single bipolar METHODS An on-alpha ganglion cell from the area centralis had been filled with horseradish peroxidase, blackened with diaminobenzidine, and drawn with a camera lucida (12). Almost half of the dendritic arbor, spanning the full-field diameter, had been reconstructed by electron microsco...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational model of the on-alpha ganglion cell receptive field based on bipolar cell circuitry.

Freed

Smith

Sterling

1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In several species, receptive field size varies with eccentricity (Wiesel, 1960;Linsenmeier et al, 1982;Croner and Kaplan, 1995;He and Levick, 2000) (for review, see Troy and Shou, 2002). The data are primarily for center size (Cleland et al, 1979;Peichl and Wässle, 1979;He and Levick, 2000), but there is evidence for surround size as well. The dependence of surround size on eccentricity, however, is not clearly consistent across species; e.g., there is a clear but weak dependence in primate (Croner and Kaplan, 1995) but no systematic relationship in cat (Linsenmeier et al, 1982).…”

Section: Ablation Of Npy Cells Alters Spatial Tuning Of Ganglion Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Ablation of a Class of Amacrine Cells Alters Spatial Processing in the Retina

Sinclair¹,

Jacobs²,

Nirenberg³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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“…The normalization was performed because center size varies with retinal eccentricity (e.g. Cleland et al, 1979;Peichl & Wässle, 1979). Normalization involved dividing center radius for a particular cell and temporal frequency by its value at 2 Hz.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal integration of light by the cat X-cell center under photopic and scotopic conditions

Troy

Bohnsack²,

Chen³

et al. 2005

Vis Neurosci

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Visual responses to stimulation at high temporal frequency are generally considered to result from signals that avoid light adaptive gain adjustment, simply reflecting linear summation of luminance. Under conditions of high photopic illuminance, the center of the receptive field of the cat X-cell has been shown to expand in size when stimulated at high temporal frequency, raising the possibility that there is spatiotemporal interaction in luminance summation. Here we show that this expansion maintains constant the product of the center's luminance summing area and the temporal period of luminance modulation, implying that spatial and temporal integration of luminance can be traded for one another by the X-cell center. As such the X-cell has a spatiotemporal window for luminance integration that fuses the classical concepts of a spatial window of luminance integration (Ricco's Law) with a temporal window of luminance integration (Bloch's Law). We were interested to determine whether this tradeoff between spatial and temporal summation of luminance occurs also at lower light levels, where the temporal-frequency bandwidth of the X-cell is narrower. We found that it does not. Center radius does not expand with temporal frequency under either low photopic or scotopic conditions. These results are discussed within the context of the known retinal circuitry that underlies the X-cell center for photopic and scotopic conditions.

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Size, scatter and coverage of ganglion cell receptive field centres in the cat retina.

Cited by 267 publications

References 42 publications

Computational model of the on-alpha ganglion cell receptive field based on bipolar cell circuitry.

Computational model of the on-alpha ganglion cell receptive field based on bipolar cell circuitry.

Selective Ablation of a Class of Amacrine Cells Alters Spatial Processing in the Retina

Spatiotemporal integration of light by the cat X-cell center under photopic and scotopic conditions

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