Sizing and dynamic modelling and simulation of a standalone PV based DC microgrid with battery storage system for a remote community in Nigeria

Abstract

In this paper, a solar PV powered DC microgrid is proposed and designed for Umuokpo Amumara in Nigeria with 800 households and a number of community installations which include churches, schools, shops, and a water pumping system. The appropriate sizes of system components are determined to meet the all-time load demand. A Techno-economic feasibility study was carried out in Homer Pro to determine the energy needs of the community and as well the system size and configuration that best suits the community. The energy requirement of the community was obtained to be 3.16MWh/day. The battery storage system was also sized in this work and a battery system capacity of 21,944Ah was able to meet the community energy requirement for up to a day without renewable energy supply. The dynamic model of proposed the microgrid was simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK to observe the system's dynamic response in view of the power quality, load impact, and battery storage charging. The results obtained from the simulation depicted a stand-alone DC microgrid that is capable of meeting the daily electrical energy requirements of the system with good voltage stability. The PV system used in the system could function at maximum power conditions even with variation in the weather conditions. This was achieved by employing the Incremental Conductance MPPT system.

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