Sizing Methodology Based on Scaling Laws for a Permanent Magnet Electrical Variable Transmission

Verbelen, Florian; Abdallh, Ahmed Mohamed Abouelyazied; Vansompel, Hendrik; Stockman, Kurt; Sergeant, Peter

doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2903763

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, the computational burden of studying the impact of design changes is high. Scaling laws, however, can be used to obtain a new design in a matter of minutes compared to several days if FE calculations are used [4]. One way of reducing the computational effort is thus to use scaling laws.…”

Section: Scaling Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluating the effect of design changes of the EVT on the performance of a considered HEV is, therefore, a tedious task. However, due to developed scaling laws for the flux, torque and losses, an existing design of the EVT can be scaled in axial and radial directions which significantly reduces the computational effort to analyse a design [4]. In this present paper, the aforementioned method is used to analyse how the design of the EVT influences the energy efficiency of the complete drivetrain given a driving cycle and vehicle parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design Methodology for a PM Electrical Variable Transmission Used in HEV

Verbelen

Vansompel

Abdallh

et al. 2021

Springer Proceedings in Energy

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Designing a permanent magnet electrical variable transmission is a cumbersome task, regardless of the considered application. The main reason for this is the iterative design process using a computationally intensive finite element model calculations that is necessary to model its behaviour. This makes it difficult to study or visualize the impact of design changes on, for example, the fuel consumption or cost of a hybrid electrical vehicle. To solve this, electromagnetic scaling laws are used to set up a performance map of the entire system. This map is able to present the performance (i.e. fuel consumption, cost, maximum acceleration, etc.) as a function of an axial and radial scaling factor. The map thus displays the performance of a series of designs which enable the reader to select the optimal one in a graphical way. Furthermore, feasibility constraints such as maximum weight, are added. These constraints allow to reject designs but make it also possible to study the performance as a function of weight or material cost. This is particularly useful for manufacturers as it gives an idea of how their investment is translated into a reduction in fuel consumption.

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Section: Scaling Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Methodology for a PM Electrical Variable Transmission Used in HEV

Verbelen

Vansompel

Abdallh

et al. 2021

Springer Proceedings in Energy

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“…The first step consists in calculating an initial geometry by using analytical equations and some general rules [18]. The aim of this step is to obtain a seed geometry as close as possible to the optimal one.…”

Section: A Electromagnetic Pre-design and Geometry Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PMSM Design for Achieving a Target Torque-Speed-Efficiency Map

Candelo-Zuluaga

Espinosa

Riba

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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During the last years, the requirements for a fast and reliable design of electrical machines by applying optimization methods using finite element analysis (FEA), has become a subject of study. Due to their capabilities, permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) have become the preference choice for many applications, including electric vehicles (EVs) propulsion, water-pumping, robotics, or renewable power generation among others. This paper presents a novel methodology for designing and optimizing PMSMs using the torque-speed-efficiency map. The design-optimization algorithm requires as input, the torque-speed-efficiency map of the target motor, to define the required performance for the given application. The objective is to find the motor geometry which better approximates the target torque-speed-efficiency map. The PMSM is evaluated by using magneto-static FEA combined with direct-quadrature (d-q) electrical modeling, thus greatly reducing the computational burden when compared to conventional time-dependent FEA methods. The magneto-static FEA method calculates iron losses taking into account the magnetic flux density harmonic content by applying a time-space conversion approach. The design-optimization process takes into account the control strategy as well as losses separation, which is validated by using the public experimental data of the Toyota Prius and Camry PMSMs. Index Terms-Permanent magnet machines, Design optimization, Design tools, Magnetic losses, Finite element analysis NOMENCLATURE Bxy Magnetic flux density in a defined region [T] dwire Wire diameter [m] Dir Inner rotor diameter [m] Dis Inner stator diameter [m] Dor Outer rotor diameter [m] Dos Outer stator diameter [m] fobj Objective function [-] g Air gap length [m] hbrg Rotor bridge height [m] hPM Permanent magnet height [m] hrib Rotor rib height [m] hso Slot opening height [m] hsy Stator yoke height [m] ht Tooth height [m] Imax Maximum current [ARMS] L Stack lamination length [m]

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“…That prototype was made for an average size passenger car, of which the size and torque requirements do not match the considered OHW vehicle (see also Table I. To avoid a computational expensive redesign of the EVT, scaling laws for the EVT have been developed and validated [22]. This allows for a fast assessment of design modifications via axial K a and radial scaling K r in terms of losses, maximum torque and weight, volume or inertia [23].…”

Section: Modelling Of the Evtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Variable Transmission for Hybrid Off-highway Vehicles

Vandenhove

Abdallh

Verbelen

et al. 2020

2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)

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The push for less emissions has driven transportation towards electrification. The electrical variable transmission is a promising emerging component that has proven to be successful in passenger vehicles and is being considered in this paper for off-highway vehicles. By electromagnetically coupling the internal combustion engine with the wheels, allowing independent rotation, the engine is kept in its optimal operating range. This paper benchmarks the electrical variable transmission to one of the most successful hybrid topologies: the Toyota hybrid system. Flanders Make's Hybrid Electric Drivetrain CoDesign framework is being used to ensure optimal control decisions for both. Results show that the electrical variable transmission may reduce fuel consumption by 30% and total cost of ownership by 10%. Index Terms-Electric variable transmission, dynamic programming, energy management, off-highway vehicles, total cost of ownership.

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Sizing Methodology Based on Scaling Laws for a Permanent Magnet Electrical Variable Transmission

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Design Methodology for a PM Electrical Variable Transmission Used in HEV

Design Methodology for a PM Electrical Variable Transmission Used in HEV

PMSM Design for Achieving a Target Torque-Speed-Efficiency Map

Electrical Variable Transmission for Hybrid Off-highway Vehicles

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