Sjogren‐Larsson syndrome associated hypermelanosis

Abstract

Background/Objectives Sjogren – Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease of the mutation ALDH3A2 that identifies a part of fatty acids for fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase: NAD‐oxidoreductase enzyme complex. This study aimed to access variant ALDH3A2 gene coded for FALDH and products regulating pathogenic melanogenesis owing to increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species resulting in DNA harm in SLS. By turning them into fatty acids, FALDH avoids the accumulation of toxic fatty aldehydes. The mutation results in the accumulation of aldehyde‐modified lipids or fatty alcohols that may interfere with skin and brain function. Methods In Nov 2018, we performed a literature search in PubMed for clinical studies, clinical trials, case reports, controlled trials, randomized controlled trials, and systemic reviews. The search terms we used were “SJOGREN‐LARSSON SYNDROME” AND “HYPERMELANNOSIS” OR “FALDH” (from 1985). The search resulted in 1,289 articles, out of these 95 articles met our inclusion exclusion criteria. Our inclusion criteria included relevant original articles relevant, critical systemic reviews, and crucial referenced articles, ex‐clusion criteria included duplicates and articles not published in English language. Results Toxicity of long‐chain aldehydes to FALDH‐deficient cells owing to accumulation under the profound epidermis layer improves oxidative stress in the cell resulting in keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Conclusion While it continues to be determined whether accumulated fatty alcohol and fatty aldehydes obtained from ether glycerolipids and sphingolipids improve the susceptibility of melanocytes and their element accountable for skin hyperpigmentation to biological colour.

Transcriptomes reveal microRNAs and mRNAs in different photoperiods influencing cashmere growth in goat

“…ALDH3A2 is activated in undifferentiated keratinocytes and the long chain base metabolism in keratinocytes is severely damaged. Overexpression of ALDH3A2 may inhibit the growth and development of skin hair follicles, which is an important factor in regulating the growth and development of skin hair follicles [24,25]. The role of ALDH3A2 in cashmere development of cashmere goats needs to be further verified.…”