Skeletal Anomalies

Machado, L. E.; Bonilla‐Musoles, Fernando; Obsborne, N; Sanz, Marta; Raga, Francisco; Machado, Fernanda de Souza; Bonilla, Francisco; Dolz, M.

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1085

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…The first group is known as skeletal dysplasias, and comprehend more than 400 different diseases forming a clinically and genetic heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by short stature and deformation/malformation of bone and cartilage with a wide spectrum of severity. Although individually each disorder is rare, birth incidence of these disorders is almost 1/5000 [307,308]. Initially, skeletal dysplasias were divided based on clinical and radiologic criteria mainly into: osteodysplasias (defects in mineralization), osteochondrodysplasias or chondrodysplasias (defects affecting cartilage and bone development), dysostoses (malformations of one or certain group of bones), however with increasing knowledge and number of diseases identified, they have been reclassified in around 40 groups based on biochemical, molecular and/or radiographic criteria [306,307,309].…”

Section: Abnormalities In Long Bone Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the biological implications of the mechanical environment within the growth plate during bone development in physiological and pathological scenarios

Morales¹

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2.1 SKELETAL SYSTEM __________________________________________________ 2.2 LONG BONE ANATOMY AND DEVELOPMENT _________________________ 2.3 THE GROWTH PLATE ________________________________________________ 2.3.1 Hyaline Cartilage ____________________________________________________________ 2.4 ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION _____________________________________ 2.4.1 Chondrocyte Differentiation ___________________________________________________ 2.5 BIOCHEMICAL REGULATION OF LONG BONE GROWTH ______________ 2.5.1 Local Factors _______________________________________________________________ 2.5.2 Systemic Factors ____________________________________________________________ 2.6 MECHANICAL INFLUENCES ON LONG BONE GROWTH AND GROWTH PLATE ____________________________________________________________________ 2.6.1 Mechanical Effects on Chondrocytes Behavior _____________________________________ 2.6.2 Mechanotransduction _________________________________________________________ 2.7 IN SILICO APPROXIMATIONS TO BONE GROWTH AND MORPHOGENESIS. THE ROLE OF STRAINS AND PRESSURES. ___________________________________ 2.7.1 Computational Models _______________________________________________________ 2.8 ABNORMALITIES IN LONG BONE DEVELOPMENT _____________________ 2.8.1 Chondrodysplasias ___________________________________________________________ 8 3 GROWTH PLATE STRESS DISTRIBUTION DURING BONE DEVELOPMENT 56 3.1 INTRODUCTION _____________________________________________________ 3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS __________________________________________ 3.2.1 Model _____________________________________________________________________ 3.2.2 Loading conditions and constrains ______________________________________________ 3.2.3 Data Analysis _______________________________________________________________ 3.3 RESULTS ____________________________________________________________ 3.3.1 Stress distribution during development ___________________________________________ 3.3.2 Growth plate effect on epiphyseal OI distribution ___________________________________ 3.3.3 SOC effect on epiphyseal stress distribution _______________________________________ 3.3.4 Growth plate OI distribution ___________________________________________________ 3.4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS _____________________________________ 4 ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MECHANICAL ENVIRONMENT AND GROWTH PLATE MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION DURING PROXIMAL FEMUR DEVELOPMENT. ____________________________ 4.1 INTRODUCTION _____________________________________________________ 4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS __________________________________________

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Section: Abnormalities In Long Bone Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the biological implications of the mechanical environment within the growth plate during bone development in physiological and pathological scenarios

Morales¹

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Fetal bone and joint disorders

Jakobovits

2008

Orvosi Hetilap

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The article discusses the physiology and pathology of fetal bone and joint development and functions. The bones provide static support for the body. The skull and the bones of spinal column encase the central and part of the peripheral nervous system. The ribs and the sternum shield the heart and the lungs, while the bones of the pelvis protect the intraabdominal organs. Pathological changes of these bony structures may impair the functions of the respective systems or internal organs. Movements of the bones are brought about by muscles. The deriving motions are facilitated by joints. Bony anomalies of the extremities limit their effective functions. Apart from skeletal and joint abnormalities, akinesia may also be caused by neurological, muscular and skin diseases that secondarily affect the functions of bones and joints. Such pathological changes may lead to various degrees of physical disability and even to death. Some of the mentioned anomalies are recognizable in utero by ultrasound. The diagnosis may serve as medical indication for abortion in those instances when the identified abnormality is incompatible with independent life.

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Skeletal Anomalies

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Analysis of the biological implications of the mechanical environment within the growth plate during bone development in physiological and pathological scenarios

Analysis of the biological implications of the mechanical environment within the growth plate during bone development in physiological and pathological scenarios

Fetal bone and joint disorders

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