“…The patient can be cured only by complete surgical removal of the tumor. Radiation treatment (8, 9, 10) may afford palliation in some types of retrorectal tumors, but should be reserved for those cases in which, either because of the physical condition of the patient or the extensive growth of the lesion, complete surgical removal is impossible. Operation may be performed by 1) the posterior approach through a longitudinal parasacral incision with removal of the coccyx, 2) the intra‐abdominal approach, or 3) a combination of both methods—depending on the size of the tumor and the degree of involvement of the ureters.…”