Skills intervention to prevent cigarette smoking among adolescents.

Abstract

Skills intervention to prevent cigarette smoking was evaluated with 689 adolescents. At 24-month follow-up, youths who received health information and skills intervention had lower intentions to smoke and less cigarette use than youths who received health information alone and youths who received no intervention. Conclusions about the effects of skills intervention are strengthened by the common preparation and random assignment of intervention leaders and by process measurement data. (Am J Public Health 1985; 75:665-667.)

Social Skills, Competence, and Drug Refusal Efficacy as Predictors of Adolescent Alcohol Use

“…Inspection of the sixty-six missing data patterns revealed these data were missing completely at random and satisfied the conditions for multiple imputation [55,56]. Additional analyses indicated that missingness was significantly related to grades (a proxy for reading comprehension), therefore a measure of self-reported grades [ranging from "D's or lower" (1) through "mostly A's" (7)] was included both in the EM procedure and in the final model parameterization. A total of five augmented data sets were produced and corresponding statistics are point estimates averaging across the five imputed datasets.…”

“…Although programs that utilize a social resistance skills approach have been shown to be effective for deterring the use of tobacco [5][6][7], alcohol and marijuana [8], it remains unclear as to which facet of the social skills training is most efficacious. In some cases, programs rely on general social skills training and confidence building [4], whereas other programs focus specifically on drug refusal skills as the most effective means of reducing consumption [9][10][11].…”

Treatment integrity and therapeutic change: Issues and research recommendations.

“…Procedures for Establishing Integrity. The above recommendations are based on the evidence that treatment integrity is influenced by the extent of protocol specification, training of therapists, and supervision of treatment delivery (e.g., Erhardt, Barnett, Lentz, Stollar, & Raifin, 1996; Moos & Finney, 1983; Schinke, Gilchrest, & Snow, 1985; Yeaton & Sechrest, 1981). In this section we will address each of these procedures in greater detail to elaborate important points pertaining to their implementation.…”

Salient Environmental and Perceptual Correlates of Current and Established Smoking for 2 Representative Cohorts of Indiana Adolescents

“…Some studies have shown that advice from a clinician regarding the danger of tobacco use is associated with a lower rate of tobacco use initiation among teens, 29 while others have shown that health information as relayed by the news media is associated more with cessation rather than prevention 30 . It has also been shown that health information is more effective in preventing tobacco use among adolescents when coupled with skills interventions 31 . There seem to be inconclusive findings on how this information about health consequences affects teen smoking rates.…”

“…30 It has also been shown that health information is more effective in preventing tobacco use among adolescents when coupled with skills interventions. 31 There seem to be inconclusive findings on how this information about health consequences affects teen smoking rates.…”