Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application

Abstract

Many types of phytochemicals have been found to be present in oil palm leaf and could potentially be used as functional ingredients for skincare product. However, as of today, there is no published report on hazard identification and safety assessment of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis) leaf extract (OPLE), particularly on skin and eye irritation. In this study, potential hazard of OPLE on skin and eye irritation was evaluated as an initial step to the safety assessment of OPLE. In vitro cell viability study of OPLE on normal human dermal fibroblasts showed that OPLE was nontoxic to the cells with percentage viability more than 90% after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. Skin irritation potential of OPLE was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] Test Guideline 439, 2015), while eye irritation potential was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic Human corneal epithelium (HCE) model (OECD test guideline 492, 2017). Hazard identification results showed that OPLE at 1%, 5%, and 10% (wt/wt) was classified as nonirritant to the skin and eye where mean tissue viabilities of SkinEthic RHE and SkinEthic HCE were more than 50% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, we recommend a further safety assessment, such as human patch testing, to confirm the nonirritant of OPLE.

Formulation and Stability Tests of Hair Tonic from Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Leaves Extract and Effectiveness in Protecting Hair

“…In the in vitro toxicity test with BSLT oil palm leaf extract showed an LC50 value of 9,00 and 3,87 mg/mL at 6 and 24 hours of observation which showed that the oil palm leaf extract was not toxic [8]. In a study conducted by [9], it showed that palm leaf extract in vitro at concentrations of 1%, 5% and 10% did not cause irritation to the eyes and skin.…”

Epidermal Regeneration Induced by Comfrey Extract: A Study by Light and Electron Microscopy

“…This study addresses the effects of comfrey herb cream on skin regeneration in a 3-dimensional human skin model of reconstructed human epidermis (RhE). RhE models are commercially available and typically used in skin studies [21] including studies using imaging techniques [22], especially in studies related to skin irritation as a replacement of animal experiments [23]. The RhE model is even recommended for the official OECD test method No.…”

Statistical Modelling of Ultrasonic-Aided Extraction of <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Leaves for Better-Quality Yield and Total Phenolic Content

“…These compounds are recognized for their potency as antioxidants, anti-mutagenic, antiinflammatory and anti-cancer agents, as well as several other nutritional and health benefits [11][12]. Other bioactive ingredients exhibiting anti-tyrosinase and antimicrobial activities are also present in the OPLE, whereas certain compounds can protect the human skin against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, implying their usability for topical application [13]. Specifically, catechins viz.…”