Skin biology

Plotczyk, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102546-8.00001-7

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Following these interests we have ink-jet printed impedance sensors on a flexible polymeric substrate for monitoring a monolayer of a cell line of keratinocytes (HaCaT) in a real-time fashion due to the fact that the major cell that comprises the epidermis is the keratinocyte (90–95%) [ 27 ] and HaCaT has been for decades a standard cell model to study the skin tissue [ 28 ]. We have considered three relevant cellular processes —proliferation, migration and detachment of keratinocytes— to test the inkjet-printed sensors and demonstrate their potential use in biologically relevant scenarios for laboratory-growth skin tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have considered three relevant cellular processes —proliferation, migration and detachment of keratinocytes— to test the inkjet-printed sensors and demonstrate their potential use in biologically relevant scenarios for laboratory-growth skin tissues. Migration and proliferation of keratinocytes play a key role in the complex processes that are activated and coordinated in the skin tissue during wound healing [ 29 ], whereas cell detachment allows us to emulate the homeostatic continuous shedding of dead cells that occur in the outermost cell layer of the stratum corneum once a month [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Impedance Monitoring of Epithelial Cultures with Inkjet-Printed Interdigitated-Electrode Sensors

Mojena-Medina

Hubl²,

Bäuscher

et al. 2020

Sensors

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From electronic devices to large-area electronics, from individual cells to skin substitutes, printing techniques are providing compelling applications in wide-ranging fields. Research has thus fueled the vision of a hybrid, printing platform to fabricate sensors/electronics and living engineered tissues simultaneously. Following this interest, we have fabricated interdigitated-electrode sensors (IDEs) by inkjet printing to monitor epithelial cell cultures. We have fabricated IDEs using flexible substrates with silver nanoparticles as a conductive element and SU-8 as the passivation layer. Our sensors are cytocompatible, have a topography that simulates microgrooves of 300 µm width and ~4 µm depth, and can be reused for cellular studies without detrimental in the electrical performance. To test the inkjet-printed sensors and demonstrate their potential use for monitoring laboratory-growth skin tissues, we have developed a real-time system and monitored label-free proliferation, migration, and detachment of keratinocytes by impedance spectroscopy. We have found that variations in the impedance correlate linearly to cell densities initially seeded and that the main component influencing the total impedance is the isolated effect of the cell membranes. Results obtained show that impedance can track cellular migration over the surface of the sensors, exhibiting a linear relationship with the standard method of image processing. Our results provide a useful approach for non-destructive in-situ monitoring of processes related to both in vitro epidermal models and wound healing with low-cost ink-jetted sensors. This type of flexible sensor as well as the impedance method are promising for the envisioned hybrid technology of 3D-bioprinted smart skin substitutes with built-in electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Impedance Monitoring of Epithelial Cultures with Inkjet-Printed Interdigitated-Electrode Sensors

Mojena-Medina

Hubl²,

Bäuscher

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…1). The skin on all body sites comprises a stratified epidermis and a vascularized dermis separated by a basement membrane (22). In the dermis, load is borne by extracellular matrix composed of fibers (primarily collagen and elastin) embedded in ground substance (primarily glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and water).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and composition play distinct and complementary roles in the tolerance of plantar skin to mechanical load

et al. 2019

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Plantar skin on the soles of the feet has a distinct morphology and composition that is thought to enhance its tolerance to mechanical loads, although the individual contributions of morphology and composition have never been quantified. Here, we combine multiscale mechanical testing and computational models of load bearing to quantify the mechanical environment of both plantar and nonplantar skin under load. We find that morphology and composition play distinct and complementary roles in plantar skin’s load tolerance. More specifically, the thick stratum corneum provides protection from stress-based injuries such as skin tears and blisters, while epidermal and dermal compositions provide protection from deformation-based injuries such as pressure ulcers. This work provides insights into the roles of skin morphology and composition more generally and will inform the design of engineered skin substitutes as well as the etiology of skin injury.

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“…Hypodermis [ 20,29] • Adipocytes • Subcutaneous fat layer • Nerves • Blood vessels • Collagen Type 1 Fibers • Fatty tissue healing, 3D bioprinting's versatility represents potential to create wound care treatments that greatly improve the quality of care for injured patients. [12,17] Though an artificial skin construct that completely mimics native human skin has yet to be created, a more in-depth look at skins internal structure can prove useful in the context of creating an effective wound treatment utilizing 3D bioprinting.…”

Section: Layer Cell Types Layers Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Bioprinting and Its Role in a Wound Healing Renaissance

Tanfani,

Monpara,

Jonnalagadda

2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Abstract3D printing (3DP) is an accessible platform being increasingly utilized by independent researchers in fields ranging from industrial manufacturing to medicine. 3D bioprinting is a form of 3D printing that makes use of “bioinks,” organic or synthetic polymer formulations that are often laden with cells. The wide range of materials available means that bioinks can be tailored to the types of tissue that they are meant to emulate. Human skin has a complex microenvironment consisting of numerous layers, cell types, growth factors, and molecular signaling pathways. 3D bioprinting's flexibility and ability to create complex, bioactive structures means that it has great potential in creating artificial skin constructs for skin wound regeneration. While the available materials and cell types for 3DP are large, an ideal bioink for printing artificial skin remains yet to be found. This review will cover the various types of 3DP, the bioinks commonly used, the functionalization of printed artificial skin constructs, challenges that arise in the 3D bioprinting of skin, and future directions for the field. The structure of skin and the wound healing process will also be discussed, as sufficient understanding of these subjects is key to the development of therapeutic artificial skin constructs.

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Skin biology

Cited by 13 publications

References 75 publications

Real-Time Impedance Monitoring of Epithelial Cultures with Inkjet-Printed Interdigitated-Electrode Sensors

Real-Time Impedance Monitoring of Epithelial Cultures with Inkjet-Printed Interdigitated-Electrode Sensors

Morphology and composition play distinct and complementary roles in the tolerance of plantar skin to mechanical load

3D Bioprinting and Its Role in a Wound Healing Renaissance

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