Skin biothermomechanics for medical treatments

Xu, Feng; Wen, Tao; Lu, Tianjian; Seffen, Keith A.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2007.09.001

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The epidermis layer is the most superficial layer, has a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm [37], and has the highest Young modulus (approx. 1 MPa) compared with the other skin layers [38].…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Human Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining elastic properties of skin by measuring surface waves from an impulse mechanical stimulus using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography

Guan

Reif

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

253

203

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The mechanical properties of skin are important tissue parameters that are useful for understanding skin patho-physiology, which can aid disease diagnosis and treatment. This paper presents an innovative method that employs phase-sensitive spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (PhS-OCT) to characterize the biomechanical properties of skin by measuring surface waves induced by short impulses from a home-made shaker. Experiments are carried out on single and double-layer agar-agar phantoms, of different concentrations and thickness, and on in vivo human skin, at the forearm and the palm. For each experiment, the surface wave phase-velocity dispersion curves were calculated, from which the elasticity of each layer of the sample was determined. It is demonstrated that the experimental results agree well with previous work. This study provides a novel combination of PhS-OCT technology with a simple and an inexpensive mechanical impulse surface wave stimulation that can be used to non-invasively evaluate the mechanical properties of skin in vivo, and may offer potential use in clinical situations.

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of Human Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…88 to 300 kPa) [1,20,39]. The subcutaneous fat layer is the deepest skin layer with the Determining elastic properties of skin C. Li et al 837 largest thickness (above 1.2 mm) and the lowest stiffness (around 34 kPa) [37,39] among all the skin layers.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Human Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining elastic properties of skin by measuring surface waves from an impulse mechanical stimulus using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography

Guan

Reif

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

253

203

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our previous work, a theoretical framework has been developed for the coupled thermomechanical behavior of skin [209]. The skin is treated as a layered-"laminated"-material, whose overall properties are assembled in a composite manner.…”

Section: Theoretical Framework For the Coupled Thermomechanical Behavmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the skin is heated, non-uniform temperature distribution both in time and space is evocated, causing thermally induced stresses in tissue. For a given temperature history, the corresponding stress distribution in skin can be calculated as [209] …”

Section: Theoretical Framework For the Coupled Thermomechanical Behavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biothermomechanical behavior of skin tissue

Seffen

2008

Acta Mech. Sin.

132

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Advances in laser, microwave and similar technologies have led to recent developments of thermal treatments involving skin tissue. The effectiveness of these treatments is governed by the coupled thermal, mechanical, biological and neural responses of the affected tissue: a favorable interaction results in a procedure with relatively little pain and no lasting side effects. Currently, even though each behavioral facet is to a certain extent established and understood, none exists to date in the interdisciplinary area. A highly interdisciplinary approach is required for studying the biothermomechanical behavior of skin, involving bioheat transfer, biomechanics and physiology. A comprehensive literature review pertinent to the subject is presented in this paper, covering four subject areas: (a) skin structure, (b) skin bioheat transfer and thermal damage, (c) skin biomechanics, and (d) skin biothermomechanics. The major problems, issues, and topics for further studies are also outlined. This review finds that significant advances in each of these aspects have been achieved in recent years. Although focus is placed upon the biothermomechanical behavior of skin tissue, the fundamental concepts and methodologies reviewed in this paper may also be applicable for studying other soft tissues.

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“…Dissecting the mechanical function and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions of fibroblast cells is important for understanding wound healing (Tomasek et al 2002;Gabbiani 2003;Desmouliere et al 2005), pathologies such as fibrosis (Wakatsuki et al 2004) and thermal therapies (Xu et al 2008). An understanding of these functions and interactions may also be of importance for molecular-level treatments for diseases involving aberrant responses of cells to mechanical stress (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole cell mechanics of contractile fibroblasts: relations between effective cellular and extracellular matrix moduli

Marquez

Elson

Genin

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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While much is known about the subcellular structures responsible for the mechanical functioning of a contractile fibroblast, debate exists about how these components combine to endow a cell with its form and mechanical function. We present an analysis of mechanical characterization experiments performed on bio-artificial tissue constructs, which we believe serve as a more realistic testing environment than two-dimensional cell culture. These model tissues capture many features of real tissues with the advantage that they can be engineered to model different physiological and pathological characteristics. We study here a model tissue consisting of reconstituted type I collagen and varying concentrations of activated contractile fibroblasts that is relevant to modelling different stages of wound healing. We applied this system to assess how cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics vary with cell concentration. Short-term and long-term moduli of the ECM were estimated through analytical and numerical analysis of two-phase elastic solids containing cell-shaped voids. The relative properties of cells were then deduced from the results of numerical analyses of two-phase elastic solids containing mechanically isotropic cells of varying modulus. With increasing cell concentration, the short-term and long-term tangent moduli of the reconstituted collagen ECM increased sharply from a baseline value, while those of the cells decreased monotonically.

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Skin biothermomechanics for medical treatments

Cited by 44 publications

References 69 publications

Determining elastic properties of skin by measuring surface waves from an impulse mechanical stimulus using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography

Determining elastic properties of skin by measuring surface waves from an impulse mechanical stimulus using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography

Biothermomechanical behavior of skin tissue

Whole cell mechanics of contractile fibroblasts: relations between effective cellular and extracellular matrix moduli

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