Skin conductance correlates with perioperative stress

Storm, Hanne; Myre, K.; Rostrup, Morten; Stokland, Olav; Lien, M D; Ræder, Johan

doi:10.1034/j.1399-6576.2002.460721.x

Cited by 158 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…‡ For reference, the increase in skin conductance for solving mental math problems is approximately 1 µS (Lacey et al, 1963), cf. (Dawson et al, 1990); the increase due to being fully wakened after induced sleep is approximately 4 µS (Storm et al, 2002) …”

Section: Summary Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Touching a Mechanical Body: Tactile Contact With Body Parts of a Humanoid Robot Is Physiologically Arousing

Reeves

2017

Journal of Human-Robot Interaction

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A large literature describes the use of robots' physical bodies to support communication with people. Touch is a natural channel for physical interaction, yet it is not understood how principles of interpersonal touch might carry over to a robot. Exploring how interpersonal rules surrounding body accessibility and touch apply to a robot is critical toward understanding the extent to which people treat the act of touching body regions as a sign of closeness-even if the body belongs to a robotand is important to the field of humanoid social robotics. Thirty-one students participated in an interactive anatomy lesson with a small, humanoid robot. Participants either touched or pointed to an anatomical region of the robot in each of 26 trials while their skin conductance response was measured. Touching less accessible regions of a robot's body (e.g., its buttocks and genitals) was more physiologically arousing than touching more accessible regions (e.g., its hands and feet). No differences in physiological arousal were found when just pointing to those same anatomical regions. A social robot elicited tactile responses in human physiology, a result that signals people treat touching body parts as an act of closeness in itself that does not require a human recipient. The power of touching a humanoid body with identifiable body parts should caution mechanical and interaction designers about the positive and negative effects of human-robot interaction.

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Section: Summary Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Touching a Mechanical Body: Tactile Contact With Body Parts of a Humanoid Robot Is Physiologically Arousing

Reeves

2017

Journal of Human-Robot Interaction

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“…31 Other fi ndings suggest that ESR can be infl uenced by sympathetic nervous system activation. [32][33][34][35] In addition, an association of ESR with pain intensity has been shown. 36 The observation of ESR changes and variability have been validated for the monitoring of nociceptive stimulation and pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Surgical Intervention and Postoperative Pain on Electrical Skin Resistance at Acupuncture Points: An Exploratory Study

Krämer¹,

Zaps²,

Kutz

et al. 2012

Acupunct Med

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Objectives One theory about acupuncture suggests that pathological processes can cause measurable changes in electrical skin resistance (ESR) at acupuncture points (APs). Although the theory has yet to be proven, ESR measurements (ESRMs) form a frequently used part of contemporary acupuncture. The aim of this study was to test the so-called 'electrical responsiveness' of APs in the setting of a defi ned operative trauma. Methods ESRMs (n=424) were performed at the APs and surrounding skin of GB34 and ST38 in 163 participants using an impedance meter array developed for the purpose of ESRMs. For each group the percentage of measurements with a signifi cantly different ESR between the APs and the surrounding skin was calculated and compared with each other. Measurements of four groups were compared: healthy control subjects (n=30) and patients after ophthalmic (n=29), hip (n=42) and shoulder (n=30) surgery. The infl uence of postoperative pain intensity was also assessed. Results Group comparison showed no signifi cant differences for ST38. The ESRMs at GB34 had a signifi cantly higher percentage of measurements with an increased ESR after ophthalmic (23.2%) and hip (22.2%) surgery, but not after shoulder surgery (7.5%). Subgroup analysis showed that an increase in pain intensity tended to lead to a decrease in the number of APs with ESR changes. Conclusion These results suggest that reactive changes in ESR at APs might exist. Pain and alertness seem to have an impact on ESR at APs. However, the current data do not allow for conclusions to be drawn concerning the clinical use of ESRMs. INTRODUCTIONAcupuncture treatment is gaining in importance with a variety of studies confi rming its effi cacy in the treatment of various disorders. However, while evidence for the clinical efficacy of acupuncture is growing, questions are being raised concerning the specifi city of acupuncture points (APs).3 4 In order to increase the general acceptance of acupuncture, a better understanding of how APs and meridians function is needed.One theory about the specifi c nature of APs suggests that electrical skin resistance (ESR) is different from the surrounding area, [5][6][7] and that a change in the ESR at an AP can be the refl ection of a pathophysiological condition of the patient.8 9 Based on this assumption of an 'electrical responsiveness' of APs, commercially available devices for electrodermal testing have been developed for acupuncture point location as well as for use as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.10 11 Electrical skin resistance measurements (ESRMs) have been established as an integral part of contemporary acupuncture.5 However, the scientifi c support for an electrodermal distinctiveness of APs is controversial, 12 and there is even less evidence for the electrical responsiveness of APs. 5 13-15 ESRMs have proved diffi cult to verify due to their rapid variability and variations in measurement techniques. 16 In this investigation we used a method that minimises the infl uence of typical disturbances.17 I...

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“…During stress and anxiety states there is widespread excitatory activity throughout the body and brain that increases activity in the amygdala (Davis 1992) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (Herman and Cullinan 1997) causing release of excitatory neurotransmitters and hormones (Ranabir and Reetu 2011), increased heart rate (Vrijkotte et al 2000), respiration rate (Gomez et al 2004;Masaoka and Homma 2001), blood pressure (Kulkarni et al 1998;Vrijkotte et al 2000), skin conductance (Storm et al 2002), and muscle tension (Wijsman et al 2010). During the sympathetic fight or flight response, heart rate increases due to an increase in the cell membrane depolarization rate of the sinoatrial node (Wu et al 2009).…”

Section: Possible Role Of Membrane Potential In Cardiorespiratory Modmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Regulation of Breathing as a Primary Treatment for Anxiety

Jerath¹,

Crawford²,

Barnes

et al. 2015

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback

196

125

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Understanding the autonomic nervous system and homeostatic changes associated with emotions remains a major challenge for neuroscientists and a fundamental prerequisite to treat anxiety, stress, and emotional disorders. Based on recent publications, the inter-relationship between respiration and emotions and the influence of respiration on autonomic changes, and subsequent widespread membrane potential changes resulting from changes in homeostasis are discussed. We hypothesize that reversing homeostatic alterations with meditation and breathing techniques rather than targeting neurotransmitters with medication may be a superior method to address the whole body changes that occur in stress, anxiety, and depression. Detrimental effects of stress, negative emotions, and sympathetic dominance of the autonomic nervous system have been shown to be counteracted by different forms of meditation, relaxation, and breathing techniques. We propose that these breathing techniques could be used as firstline and supplemental treatments for stress, anxiety, depression, and some emotional disorders.

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Skin conductance correlates with perioperative stress

Cited by 158 publications

References 22 publications

Touching a Mechanical Body: Tactile Contact With Body Parts of a Humanoid Robot Is Physiologically Arousing

Touching a Mechanical Body: Tactile Contact With Body Parts of a Humanoid Robot Is Physiologically Arousing

Impact of Surgical Intervention and Postoperative Pain on Electrical Skin Resistance at Acupuncture Points: An Exploratory Study

Self-Regulation of Breathing as a Primary Treatment for Anxiety

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