Skin conductance measurements as pain assessment in newborn infants born at 22–27weeks gestational age at different postnatal age

Munsters, Josanne; Wallström, Linda; Ågren, Johan; Norsted, Torgny; Sindelar, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.06.010

Cited by 60 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Skin conductance can be influenced by sweat glands and may hereby reflect autonomic activation, but in neonates also relates to differences in humidity of the incubator and maturational changes. Until such equipment becomes available following validation, we need to rely on clinical assessment tools [35,36].…”

Section: Limitations Of Assessment Of Distress and Pain In Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: International Practice

Allegaert

Anker

2014

Pediatric Sedation Outside of the Operating Room

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Inadequate pain management in neonatal life impairs neurodevelopmental outcome because it alters pain thresholds, pain-or stress-related behavior, and physiological responses later in life. However, there are recently also emerging animal experimental and human epidemiological data on the impact of analgo-sedatives on neuro-apoptosis and impaired neurodevelopmental outcome. As a consequence, the management of neonatal pain is in search of a new balance, and these conflicting observations are the main drivers to tailor our pain management in neonates. Adequate pain management is based on prevention, assessment, and treatment with subsequent reassessment. Issues related to prevention and assessment tools are covered. Non-pharmacological (e.g., complementary interventions like facilitated tucking, nonnutritive sucking) and pharmacological (e.g., acetaminophen, opioids, ketamine, propofol) treatment modalities were reviewed and reflect the increased knowledge on neonatal pain management. Each topic ends with some take-home messages that in part also reflect our opinion on the current status of this topic.

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Section: Limitations Of Assessment Of Distress and Pain In Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: International Practice

Allegaert

Anker

2014

Pediatric Sedation Outside of the Operating Room

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“…Stress reactions, manipulation, pain, sound, light and fear may be refl ected on the appearance and color of the skin. Additionally, emotional sweating may occur (6,11,(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Skin "Talk"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Socalled nests that babies are kept in emulate intrauterine environment where the baby touches and pushes walls of the uterus with benefi t for development. Previously addressed skin to skin care where the baby is skin to skin with the parents has benefi ts on neurodevelopment, state of the baby in terms of calmness and sleep organization that refl ect on overall wellbeing (6,(31)(32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Neurological Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

Skin of the very premature newborn – physiology and care

Jurica¹,

Čolić²,

Gverić-Ahmetašević³

et al. 2016

Paediatr Croat

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“…Other pain indicators are intracranial pressure (41,42), palmar sweating (43), and heart rate variability (27).…”

Section: Physiological Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Assessment in Human Fetus and Infants

Bellieni

2012

AAPS J

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Abstract. In humans, painful stimuli can arrive to the brain at 20-22 weeks of gestation. Therefore several researchers have devoted their efforts to study fetal analgesia during prenatal surgery, and during painful procedures in premature babies. Aim of this paper is to gather from scientific literature the available data on the signals that the human fetus and newborns produce, and that can be interpreted as signals of pain. Several signs can be interpreted as signals of pain. We will describe them in the text. In infants, these signs can be combined to create specific and sensible pain assessment tools, called pain scales, used to rate the level of pain.

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Skin conductance measurements as pain assessment in newborn infants born at 22–27weeks gestational age at different postnatal age

Abstract: Changes in SC could be detected in infants at <28+0 PNA and related to the combination of heel lancing and squeezing. A maturational development of the SC was observed in infants born <28 GA. SC seems to be able to differentiate between pain and discomfort.

Cited by 60 publications

References 44 publications

Sedation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: International Practice

Sedation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: International Practice

Skin of the very premature newborn – physiology and care

Pain Assessment in Human Fetus and Infants

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