Skin-Driven Ultrasensitive Mechanoluminescence Sensor Inspired by Spider Leg Joint Slits

Abstract

Inspired by the spider's slit organ embedded in the leg joint exoskeleton and its ultrasensitive stress perception, we propose to fix the conflict between the stress concentration requirement for bright mechanoluminescence (ML) and the stress dispersion effect of soft material via integrating slit microstructures into flexible films. The designed slits focus weak stresses onto the corner to achieve high sensitivity, leading to 10−30 times ML intensity improvement at weak strain (<10% stretch) application. Slit morphology and various patterns were well investigated to address the stress distribution regularity. The slit-based ML film offers a facile light-luminescent artificial skin for visualizable stress presentations or detections without electricity power source. It is a practical endeavor of photonic skin for visible vocalization and a significant contribution to dysaudia auxiliary or luminescence augmented expressions for human social interactions, similar to jellyfish or squids.

Bioinspired Bimodal Mechanosensors with Real‐Time, Visualized Information Display for Intelligent Control

“…[ 37 ] Notably, Figure 2g and Figure S8 and Video S2 (Supporting Information) show the ML intensity decreases slowly after external force releasing and the afterglow time of ML is ≈3.29 s (the elapsed times are given in each image). Compared with recently reported ML systems, [ 13,15,21,22,26,27,37–40 ] our bimodal mechanosensor exhibits higher force sensitive and lower trigger pressure threshold (Table S1, Supporting Information). Based on the advantages of high sensitivity and spatial resolution, long afterglow, power‐free, the as‐prepared panel could easily detect local tiny pressure and track the trace of it.…”

Principles, properties, and sensing applications of mechanoluminescence materials

“…136 In addition, Ji et al were inspired by the slit organs embedded in the leg joint exoskeleton of spiders and their ultra-sensitive stress sensing, and proposed to integrate slit microstructures into flexible films to achieve clear ML under tiny stresses. 137 Due to the limited understanding of the structure of ML materials and the mechanism-optical conversion mechanism, existing ML materials cannot fully meet the requirements of different stress sensing applications. Lin et al proposed novel ML materials with excellent self-recovering ML properties from the mixed anionic compound RE 2 O 2 S: Ln 3+ (RE = Y, Lu, La, Gd) family.…”

Multi-mode mechanoluminescence of fluoride glass ceramics from rigid to flexible media toward multi-scene mechanical sensors

“…Mechanoluminescence (ML) is a mechanical-optical energy conversion process that occurs under mechanical stimulation, such as compression, stretching, friction, scratching, and impacts, forming a link between luminescence and mechanics, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] which has broad applications in visualization, 12 non-contact mechanical sensing, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] structural health monitoring, 22 articial intelligence skin, [23][24][25] and wearable devices. 26,27 Currently, various ML materials have been developed based on the structure composition of the material, mechanical stimulation mode, delocalization/recombination path of the electron-hole pair, fabricating medium of composite devices, and energy conversion modes.…”