Skin Examination: An Important Diagnostic Tool in Renal Failure Patients

Abstract

Renal failure is common in the United States with an estimated prevalence of 660,000 treated end-stage renal disease patients in 2015 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>]. Causes of renal failure are many, and complications from renal failure, underlying disease, and treatment are not infrequent. Examples of common skin manifestations include xerosis, pigmentary change, and nail dystrophies. Frequent disease-specific skin changes may be helpful in the diagnosis of primary disorders leading to renal disease or severity of disease including bullosis diabeticorum, sclerodactyly, or leukoctoclastic vasculitis. Some cutaneous changes, such as the multiple angiokeratomas of Fabry disease or the plexiform neurofibromas of neurofibromatosis, are pathognomonic of genetic disorders, which often lead to renal failure. Careful examination of the skin can provide crucial clues to diagnosis of renal failure causation and aid in monitoring complications.

Improvement of Quality of Life in Dialysis and Diabetic Patients by Skin Dryness and Pruritus Management with an Ecobiological Dermo-Cosmetic Product

“… 4 Uremic pruritus, for which the etiopathogenesis remains unclear, is also reported in 12% to 90% of these patients and is more severe in patients with dry skin than in those with normal skin. 2 , 5 , 6 Several underlying causes have been proposed, including skin dryness, hypervitaminosis A, mast cell accumulation (increase in histamine release), disturbance in tryptase and chymase activity (pH increase in the stratum corneum ), uremic toxins, allergic sensitization related to dialysis, imbalance in divalent ions, peripheral neuropathy, and opioid system involvement. 7–9 Xerosis, called uremic xerosis in these patients, is not the primary cause of pruritus.…”

Speckle Noise Algorithm-Based Ultrasound Imaging in Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Blood Purification on Children with Kidney Failure and Analysis of Its Correlation with Serum Inflammatory Factor Levels

“…Ultrasound has become one of the commonly used examination methods for kidney diseases due to its advantages of noninvasiveness, convenience, low cost, and reproducibility, and whether there are congenital malformations, cystic lesions, and stones can be determined by observing the shape of the kidney. In the meanwhile, it can also be used for the auxiliary examination of acute renal failure [ 12 , 13 ]. However, due to the limitations of ultrasound imaging mechanisms, ultrasound images have inherent disadvantages.…”

Hemodiyaliz ve Periton Diyalizi alan Hastalardaki Mukokutanöz Bulguların Prevalansı ve Karşılaştırılması

“…Progresif böbrek yetmezliği olan hemen hemen tüm hastalarda, kutanöz tutulumlardan en az bir tanesi saptanmaktadır 2,3 . Deri değişiklikleri bazen böbrek yetmezliğine neden olan primer hastalığın bulgusu veya son dönem böbrek yetmezliği ve diyalize bağlı sonradan gelişen bir durumdur 4,5 . Vücuttan atılamayan toksik maddeler, metabolik bozukluklar, immünsupresif ilaçlara bağlı yan etkiler gibi çeşitli faktörlerin bu lezyonların oluşumunda rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir 1,6 .…”