Skin Metabolomics

Elpa, Decibel P.; Chiu, Hsien-Yi; Wu, Shu-Pao; Urban, Pawel L.

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2020.11.009

Cited by 55 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Biomarkers from sweat include mostly electrolytes, amino acids, carbohydrates, lactate, urea, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and sebum components excreted by the organism and which could be easily correlated to the general physiological monitoring, both during normal activities and physical exercise ( Bariya et al, 2020 ). Recently, two review papers have addressed “skin metabolomic” ( Elpa et al, 2021 ) and “volatilome” ( Opitz and Herbarth, 2018 ), to encompass the possibilities of using sweat as a source of biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Examples include Nonanedioic or azelaic acid for lung cancer ( Calderón-Santiago et al, 2015 ); n-aldehydes and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol ubiquitous in sweat of cancer patients and absent among healthy individuals ( Monedeiro et al, 2020b ).…”

Section: Liquid Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond liquid biopsy: Toward non-invasive assays for distanced cancer diagnostics in pandemics

Ferrara

Zoupanou

Primiceri

et al. 2022

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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Liquid biopsy technologies have seen a significant improvement in the last decade, offering the possibility of reliable analysis and diagnosis from several biological fluids. The use of these technologies can overcome the limits of standard clinical methods, related to invasiveness and poor patient compliance. Along with this there are now mature examples of lab-on-chips (LOC) which are available and could be an emerging and breakthrough technology for the present and near-future clinical demands that provide sample treatment, reagent addition and analysis in a sample-in/answer-out approach. The possibility of combining non-invasive liquid biopsy and LOC technologies could greatly assist in the current need for minimizing exposure and transmission risks. The recent and ongoing pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, indeed, has heavily influenced all aspects of life worldwide. Ordinary tasks have been forced to switch from “in presence” to “distanced”, limiting the possibilities for a large number of activities in all fields of life outside of the home. Unfortunately, one of the settings in which physical distancing has assumed noteworthy consequences is the screening, diagnosis and follow-up of diseases. In this review, we analyse biological fluids that are easily collected without the intervention of specialized personnel and the possibility that they may be used -or not-for innovative diagnostic assays. We consider their advantages and limitations, mainly due to stability and storage and their integration into Point-of-Care diagnostics, demonstrating that technologies in some cases are mature enough to meet current clinical needs.

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Section: Liquid Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond liquid biopsy: Toward non-invasive assays for distanced cancer diagnostics in pandemics

Ferrara

Zoupanou

Primiceri

et al. 2022

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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“…Skin tissue can also harbor intestinal microbiota metabolites originated from a dysbiotic microbiome and permeable intestinal barrier [51]. The role of skin metabolites in systemic diseases, such as SASP factors, makes skin metabolomics a valuable tool for identifying characteristic biomarker profiles [187]. Moreover, the accessibility of the skin allows for sampling techniques of various forms: skin biopsy, suction blistering, tape strip, transdermal patch and hydrogel, among others.…”

Section: Use Of Metabolomics In Targeting Senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and Human Aging: Probiotic and Prebiotic Potentials in Longevity, Skin Health and Cellular Senescence

et al. 2021

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The role of the microbiome in human aging is important: the microbiome directly impacts aging through the gastrointestinal system. However, the microbial impact on skin has yet to be fully understood. For example, cellular senescence is an intrinsic aging process that has been recently associated with microbial imbalance. With age, cells become senescent in response to stress wherein they undergo irreversible growth arrest while maintaining high metabolic activity. An accumulation of senescent cells has been linked to various aging and chronic pathologies due to an overexpression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) comprised of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteases, lipids and extracellular matrix components. In particular, dermatological disorders may be promoted by senescence as the skin is a common site of accumulation. The gut microbiota influences cellular senescence and skin disruption through the gut-skin axis and secretion of microbial metabolites. Metabolomics can be used to identify and quantify metabolites involved in senescence. Moreover, novel anti-senescent therapeutics are warranted given the poor safety profiles of current pharmaceutical drugs. Probiotics and prebiotics may be effective alternatives, considering the relationship between the microbiome and healthy aging. However, further research on gut composition under a senescent status is needed to develop immunomodulatory therapies.

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“…Another available approach is usage of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which, in general, is a less labour intense method compared to LC-MS, as it requires only minimal sample preparation. On the other hand, the sensitivity of NMR is lower than that of LC-MS 109 , which might be an issue for Kyn quantification. Finally, desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS platform could be assessed for direct biomarker analysis within the sampling patch, as demonstrated for skin metabolites collected by hydrogel micro patches 110,111 .…”

Section: Alternative Techniques For Biomarker Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the years, various methods have been reported for sampling molecular components of the skin 113 . These methods can be classified into three categories: invasive, minimally invasive and non-invasive skin sampling approaches 109 . Invasive sampling protocols are based on skin tissue specimens, such as sampling of interstitial fluid, epidermis, etc., and are generally performed in clinics by medical experts (e.g., biopsy, suction blistering).…”

Section: Topical Lmw Biomarker Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-invasive monitoring of low molecular weight biomarkers relevant to skin inflammation and cancer

Jankovskaja¹

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Development of skin inflammation and cancer in viable epidermis and dermis involve slow molecular weight (LMW) metabolites. We hypothesize that these LMW compounds can be collected on the surface of the skin and used for non-invasive diagnostics of skin disorders. Keeping in mind that substantial transdermal penetrationis achieved only for molecules of < 500 Da, we focused on topical monitoring of LMW biomarkers. In this thesis we investigated non-invasive, topical methods for monitoring LMW biomarkers by relevant in vitro and in vivo experiments. The LMW biomarkers were: - reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically, hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 - amino acids and their derivatives, i.e., tryptophan (Trp), kynurenine (Kyn; a Trpderivative), phenylalanine (Phe), and tyrosine (Tyr; a Phe derivative). Initially, we have carried out in vitro experiments using dermatomed porcine skin and cell cultures. We characterized permeability of the biomarkers through skin and assessed methods of their monitoring. By using Prussian white particles, deposited on porcine skin, we demonstrated that hydrophilic biomarkers, such as H2O2, permeate the skin mainly through hair follicle pathways (Paper I). In paper II, we have showed that the enzymes transforming Trp to the inflammation and cancer biomarker Kyn, are expressed in the basal layer of epidermis. The magnitude of changes of the Trp/Kyn ratio in the cell culture model was assessed. In paper III, we have characterized Trp and Kyn permeability through skin in vitro, concluding that their permeabilities through stratum corneum are comparable. By in vivo experiments outlined in Paper IV, we have demonstrated the feasibility of topical, non-invasive sampling of Trp and Kyn, in relation to other amino acids. Kyn detection was compromised by its low abundance on the skin. In paper V, we performed a proof-of-concept study in vivo and confirmed that non-invasive sampling of Trp and amino acids of similar abundance, such as Phe and Tyr, is more robust. We concluded that Phe/Trp ratio might be equally good biomarker of skin disorders as a predicted Trp/Kyn ratio. Summarizing, the results of this thesis provide basic knowledge for deeper clinical studies of non-invasive, topical sampling of hydrophilic LMW biomarkers of skin inflammation and cancer.

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Skin Metabolomics

Cited by 55 publications

References 58 publications

Beyond liquid biopsy: Toward non-invasive assays for distanced cancer diagnostics in pandemics

Beyond liquid biopsy: Toward non-invasive assays for distanced cancer diagnostics in pandemics

Microbiome and Human Aging: Probiotic and Prebiotic Potentials in Longevity, Skin Health and Cellular Senescence

Non-invasive monitoring of low molecular weight biomarkers relevant to skin inflammation and cancer

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