Skin mucus proteins of lumpsucker (Cyclopterus lumpus)

Abstract

Fish skin mucus serves as a first line of defense against pathogens and external stressors. In this study the proteomic profile of lumpsucker skin mucus was characterized using 2D gels coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Mucosal proteins were identified by homology searches across the databases SwissProt, NCBInr and vertebrate EST. The identified proteins were clustered into ten groups based on their gene ontology biological process in PANTHER (www.patherdb.org). Calmodulin, cystatin-B, histone H2B, peroxiredoxin1, apolipoprotein A1, natterin-2, 14-3-3 protein, alfa enolase, pentraxin, warm temperature acclimation 65 kDa (WAP65kDa) and heat shock proteins were identified. Several of the proteins are known to be involved in immune and/or stress responses. Proteomic profile established in this study could be a benchmark for differential proteomics studies.

A Proteomics and other Omics approach in the context of farmed fish welfare and biomarker discovery

“…; Silva et al . ; Patel & Brinchmann ). Most of the welfare‐related proteomic studies concern environmental sources of stress related to common aquaculture production systems, such as diseases and parasites (Chongsatja et al .…”

“…Welfare studies are often complemented with other important tissues and organs like brain, skeletal muscle, intestine and kidney. Protocols for body fluids such as plasma and mucus are also being optimised due to its easy retrievable way and show to be a promisor approach to collect important and representative protein content of the fish immune state without the need of animal sacrifice (Morzel et al 2006;Provan et al 2006;Jiang et al 2009;Cordeiro et al 2012;Silva et al 2012;Patel & Brinchmann 2017). Most of the welfare-related proteomic studies concern environmental sources of stress related to common aquaculture production systems, such as diseases and parasites (Chongsatja et al 2007;Yeh et al 2008;Chen et al 2010Chen et al , 2011Ni et al 2010;Somboonwiwat et al 2010;Xiong et al 2011;Ji et al 2013;L€ u et al 2014;Buj an et al 2015;Xu et al 2015;Zhang et al 2017), hypoxia (Bosworth et al 2005;Jiang et al 2009;Cordeiro et al 2012;Douxfils et al 2012;Tiedke et al 2015;P edron et al 2017;Zhang et al 2017), anoxia (Wulff et al 2008;Mendelsohn et al 2009;Smith et al 2009), temperature (Addis et al 2010;Ibarz et al 2010;Chang et al 2016;Richard et al 2016;Schrama et al 2017;Nuez-Ort ın et al 2018), high stocking densities (Iguchi et al 2003;…”

Biological and Ecological Roles of External Fish Mucus: A Review

“…The field of fish mucus research is growing rapidly [36,37,165]. Advances in high-throughput "omics" technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics allow the simultaneous study and identification of numerous genes and molecules and has, therefore, a huge potential for discovering unreported molecules and functions in fish mucus [166,167]. Developments in the field of genomics facilitate the study of genes in fish mucus, and are allowing the rapid expansion of microbiomics (microbiome characterisation) [37,168].…”

“…Proteomics, which is the study of the proteins expressed by a biological entity, has been the most used high-throughput tool in fish mucus research so far [36]. Several reference skin mucus proteomes have been published for commercial fish species such as discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciata) [178], Atlantic cod [93], European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) [179,180], gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) [102], and lumpsucker (Cyclopterus lumpus) [167]. The use of high-throughput techniques such as proteomics allows for the pursuit of comprehensive comparative studies to better understand fish mucus dynamics.…”

Using stable isotope analysis to study skin mucus exudation and renewal in fish

“…Secretion of mucins, one of the most important components of fish mucus, is dependent on culture conditions (Sveen et al, 2017) or infection processes (Pérez-Sánchez et al, 2013). Recently, it has been demonstrated that the components of exuded mucus become modified in response to stressors; changes have been observed in components related to defence (Cordero et al, 2015;Patel and Brinchmann, 2017;Pérez-Sánchez et al, 2017;Rajan et al, 2011;Sanahuja and Ibarz, 2015), mucus metabolites such as glucose and lactate, and hormones such as cortisol (Fernández-Alacid et al, 2019Guardiola et al, 2016). There are also studies that report benefits of adequate diets or the use of dietary additives which enhance animal welfare through improvement of mucosal health (Beck and Peatman, 2015).…”