Skin penetration and distribution of polymeric nanoparticles

Álvarez-Román, Rocío; Naik, Aarti; Kalia, Yogeshvar N.; Guy, Richard H.; Fessi, Hatem

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.06.015

Cited by 537 publications

(325 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Because hair follicles have openings on the skin surface, it is easy for nano-size QDs to gain access through hair follicle openings and accumulate in the hair follicle. This is similar to Alvarez-Roman's [14] observation that nanoparticles aggregated in hair follicle openings. Figure 6C and D is magnified sections of Figure 6A and B.…”

Section: Fluorescence Microscopy Of Skinsupporting

confidence: 89%

In vivo skin penetration and metabolic path of quantum dots

Tang

Zhang

Song

et al. 2013

Sci. China Life Sci.

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The skin is the largest organ of the body and is a potential route of exposure to sunscreens and cosmetics containing nanoparticles; however, the permeability of the skin to these nanoparticles is currently unknown. In this paper, we studied the transdermal delivery capacity through mouse skin of water-soluble CdSeS quantum dots (QDs) and the deposition of these QDs in the body. QD solution was coated onto the dorsal hairless skin of male ICR mice. Fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the distribution of QDs in the skin and organs, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure the 111 Cd content to indicate the concentration of QDs in plasma and organs. Experimental results indicate that QDs can penetrate into the dermal layer and are limited to the uppermost stratum corneum layers and the hair follicles. Through blood circulation, QDs deposit mostly in liver and kidney and are difficult to clear. 111 Cd concentration was greater than 14 ng g 1 in kidney after 120 h after 0.32 nmol QDs was applied to a mouse. These results suggest that QDs have in vivo transdermal delivery capacity through mouse skin and are harmful to the liver and kidney. quantum dots, nanoparticles, skin penetration, metabolism, ICP-MS Citation:Tang L, Zhang C L, Song G M, et al. In vivo skin penetration and metabolic path of quantum dots.

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Section: Fluorescence Microscopy Of Skinsupporting

confidence: 89%

In vivo skin penetration and metabolic path of quantum dots

Tang

Zhang

Song

et al. 2013

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…There are some reports for follicular drug delivery using the nano-or microparticulate systems (several hundreds nm -several µm) (Alvarez-Roman et al, 2004;Mordon et al, 2003;Rolland et al, 1993;Toll et al, 2004). While the follicular opening constitute only about 0.1% of the total skin area (Meidan et al, 2005), the hair follicle represents an invagination of the epidermis extending deep into the dermis and thus provides a greater actual area for potential absorption (Agarwal et al, 2000;Singh et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive and persistent transfollicular drug delivery system using a combination of liposomes and iontophoresis

Kajimoto

Yamamoto

Watanabe

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Iontophoresis is a promising technique for enhancing transdermal administration of charged drugs. However, conventional iontophoresis is not sufficient for effective delivery of large, hydrophilic, or electrically neutral molecules. In this study, we utilized charged liposomes as carriers, focused on a transfollicular route for delivery of the liposomes, and optimized iontophoretic conditions and lipid composition for this method in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.As a result, we identified the optimum condition (lipid composition:DOTAP/EPC/Chol=2:2:1, current supply: 0.45 mA/cm 2 , duration: 1 hr) for effective iontophoretic delivery of aqueous solution, which can not be transferred into the skin without charged liposomes. We also examined the pharmacological effects of iontophoresis of liposomes encapsulating insulin (INS-lipo) using a rat model of type I diabetes. Interestingly, iontophoresis of INS-lipo onto a diabetes rat skin resulted in a gradual decrease in blood glucose levels, with levels reaching 20% of initial values at 18 hr after administration. These lower blood glucose levels were maintained for up to 24 hr. Significant amount of insulin were also detected in plasma 18 hr after iontophoresis of INS-lipo. We succeeded in developing a non-invasive and persistent transfollicular drug delivery system that used a combination of liposomes and iontophoresis.

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“…After topical application of dye sodium fluorescein onto porcine skin mounted in Franz diffusion cells with the acceptor compartment beneath the dermis, the fluorescence was detected on the surface, within the horny layer, and in most of the follicles confirming the similarity in the penetration between porcine and human skin [72]. So nanoparticles have been studied in porcine skin revealing in the surface images that polystyrene nanoparticles accumulated preferentially in the follicular openings, this distribution was increased in a time-dependent manner, and the follicular localization was favored by the smaller particle size [74]. In other investigations, it has been shown by differential stripping the influence of size microparticles in the skin penetration.…”

Section: Routes Of Drug Penetration Through the Skinmentioning

confidence: 75%

Nanocarrier Systems for Transdermal Drug Delivery

Escobar-Chávez¹,

Rodríguez-Cruz²,

Domínguez-Delgado³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Novel Drug Carrier Systems

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is an open discussion, in one hand, the nanotechnologist continue making new and more sophisticated nanocarriers and in the other hand, toxicologist continue evaluating possible damaging effects.Whatever it happens, nanotechnology is the new era and nanomedicine cannot be taking off. New nanocarriers will be created and the entire scientist working in nanomedicine bet for it to be the cure of diseases that in this moment are difficult to deal with [3] The application of preparations to the skin for medical purposes is as old as the history of medicine itself, with references to the use of ointments and salves found in the records of Babylonian and Egyptian medicine. The historical development of permeation research is well described by Hadgraft & Lane [4]. Over time, the skin has become an important route for drug delivery in which topical, regional or systemic effects are desired. Nevertheless, skin constitutes an excellent barrier and presents difficulties for the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents, since few drugs possess the characteristics required to permeate across the stratum corneum in sufficient quantities to reach a therapeutic concentration in the blood. In order to enhance drug transdermal absorption different methodologies have been investigated developed and patented [5,6]. Improvement in physical permeationenhancement technologies has led to renewed interest in transdermal drug delivery. Some of these novel advanced transdermal permeation enhancement technologies include: iontophoresis, electroporation, ultrasound, microneedles to open up the skin and more recently the use of transdermal nanocarriers [3,[7][8][9][10].A number of excellent reviews that have been published contain detailed discussions concerning many aspects of transdermal nanocarriers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The present chapter shows an updated overview of the use of submicron particles and other nanostructures in the pharmaceutical field, specifically in the area of topical and transdermal drugs. This focus is justified due to the magnitude of the experimental data available with the use of these nanocarriers. The development of submicron particles and other nanostructures in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields has been emerged in the last decades for designing best formulations for application through the skin [18][19][20][21]. The skinThe skin is the largest organ of the body [22][23][24], accounting for more than 10% of body mass, and the one that enables the body to interact more intimately with its environment. Essentially, the skin consists of four layers: The SC, that is the outer layer of the skin (nonviable epidermis), and forms the rate-controlling barrier for diffusion for almost all compounds. It is composed of dead flattened, keratin-rich cells, the corneocytes. These dense cells are surrounded by a complex mixture of intercellular lipids, namely, ceramides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, and cholesterol sulphate. Their most important feature is that they are structured as ordered bilayer arrays [25]...

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Skin penetration and distribution of polymeric nanoparticles

Cited by 537 publications

References 20 publications

In vivo skin penetration and metabolic path of quantum dots

In vivo skin penetration and metabolic path of quantum dots

Noninvasive and persistent transfollicular drug delivery system using a combination of liposomes and iontophoresis

Nanocarrier Systems for Transdermal Drug Delivery

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