Skull Base Meningiomas

Westphal, Manfred; Saladino, Andrea; Tatagiba, Marcos

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-29750-2_5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Meningiomas occur in all age groups but are significantly enriched in women and older adults >65 years of age ( 1 ). These tumors occur in a variety of anatomical locations ( 2 , 3 ), with the most common being convexity meningiomas (growing on the surface of the brain directly under the skull), parasagittal and falcine meningiomas (forming in or next to the falx), and skull-base meningiomas (located near the bottom of the skull and in the back of the eyes). Less common are intraventricular meningiomas (originating from the lateral ventricles), tumors arising along the tentorium, and spinal meningiomas.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningioma: current updates on genetics, classification, and mouse modeling

Szulzewsky,

Thirimanne,

Holland

2024

ujms

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Meningiomas, the most common primary brain tumors in adults, are often benign and curable by surgical resection. However, a subset is of higher grade, shows aggressive growth behavior as well as brain invasion, and often recurs even after several rounds of surgery. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor classification and grading primarily based on histopathology do not always accurately predict tumor aggressiveness and recurrence behavior. The underlying biology of aggressive treatment-resistant meningiomas and the impact of specific genetic aberrations present in these high-grade tumors is still only insufficiently understood. Therefore, an in-depth research into the biology of this tumor type is warranted. More recent studies based on large-scale molecular data such as whole exome/genome sequencing, DNA methylation sequencing, and RNA sequencing have provided new insights into the biology of meningiomas and have revealed new risk factors and prognostic subtypes. The most common genetic aberration in meningiomas is functional loss of NF2 and occurs in both low- and high-grade meningiomas, whereas NF2-wildtype meningiomas are enriched for recurrent mutations in TRAF7, KLF4, AKT1, PI3KCA, and SMO and are more frequently benign. Most meningioma mouse models are based on patient-derived xenografts and only recently have new genetically engineered mouse models of meningioma been developed that will aid in the systematic evaluation of specific mutations found in meningioma and their impact on tumor behavior. In this article, we review recent advances in the understanding of meningioma biology and classification and highlight the most common genetic mutations, as well as discuss new genetically engineered mouse models of meningioma.

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Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%