Skull Sutures: Radiographic Contour of Wormian Bone as an Individualising Epigenetic Marker

Jayaprakash, Paul T.

doi:10.1080/00085030.1997.10757085

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Wormian bones can be also considered as important from the medicolegal perspective as their characteristic pattern, can be used for identification of an individual (Kuharić et al 2011;Jayprakash 1997); moreover, due to their association with abnormal bone brittleness, WB can prove critical in the diagnosis of the children's bone trauma in order to exclude the possibility of physical abuse (Johal et al 2017;Govsa et al 2014;Marti et al 2013). During X-Ray examination of the head, Wormian bones can also be mistaken for fractures (Narayan et al 2019;Romero-Reverón 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of wormian bones worldwide: a critical review

Bisiecka¹,

Reverón

2023

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Wormian bones (WB) are the irregular bone structures developed from additional centers of ossification. Although they are commonly found in healthy individuals, under certain conditions (number >10, mosaic pattern, large size), they can indicate pathology. While their coexistence with numerous diseases is well-documented, and various studies have reported their prevalence in populations of various geographic regions, no qualitative critical review of such studies has been conducted. The aim of this paper is to perform a critical review of research studies on the presence of Wormian bones in populations worldwide, with a particular emphasis on the methodology used and the selection of the samples studied. A sample of 44 original research articles was selected via PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Four criteria were assessed: 1) number of individuals in each group, 2) known sex of individuals, 3) selection criteria of individuals, and 4) implementation of the statistical analysis. The origin of the research sample was determined as well as the method of the WB calculation, and data on the WB prevalence worldwide was collected in tabular form. The reported size of the research samples varies from 22 to 628 individuals, derived from both contemporary and archaeological populations. Four major formulas were used in order to provide the frequency of WB. The sex of individuals was known in 18 (40.9%) articles. Most of the articles focused on Asian samples. The difficulties in comparing data on the Wormian bones are caused by considerable inconsistency in the methodology used to research this phenomenon. Therefore, the interpopulation comparisons currently made may not be correctly estimated. Our study highlights the need for using more comprehensive and consistent data collection as well as processing protocol suitable for populational research on sutural bones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of wormian bones worldwide: a critical review

Bisiecka¹,

Reverón

2023

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“…When ante-mortem dental records or radiographs of a suspected deceased are received along with the skull for identification, the definite identity could be achieved [33][34][35][36][37][38]. But the availability of such dental records and radiographs are very rare in Indian population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiography Superimposition in Personal Identification - A Case Study Involving Surgical Implants

Pushparani¹,

Ravich²,

Sivakumari³

2012

J Forensic Res

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Till date, the identity of decomposed corpse is a challenging task in all Forensic Laboratories.DNA typing is the primary technique for personal identification. Using ante-mortem and post-mortem DNA profiles in personal identification is impossible in South Indian population due to non-availability of DNA profile for the existing population. Personal identity of the deceased becomes critical in instances like the absence of parents and children for DNA profile comparison. Skull-photograph superimposition is another technique for personal identification in Forensic Science Laboratories. One-third of the cases received for identification through DNA profiles failed with some technical inabilities. Though superimposition technique is easily available and most pioneering, only a probable opinion could be arrived from it. But the court of law accepts only the conclusive identity, the DNA profiles give. When ante-mortem dental records or radiographs are received for superimposition, the conclusive identity will be achieved. In this case of personal identity of a skull, DNA profiles for comparison could not be obtained as the deceased had no parents and children, the skull-photograph superimposition offered only a probable opinion, but the superimposition of the photographs of ante-mortem and post-mortem radiographs of the surgical implant (stainless steel orthopedic fixation device) of the suspected deceased rendered conclusive identity.

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“…Generally, several morphological variants are considered, including normal anatomical variations (e.g., sinuses, suture and trabecular patterns), skeletal anomalies, or nonmetric traits (e.g., supernumerary bones, accessory foramina, and nonfusion anomalies), and pathological conditions or skeletal changes related to repetitive activities (26). Many studies in literature clearly describe and support the usefulness of morphological traits analysis in personal identification (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). However, despite the great number of studies in the field, no research has investigated the accuracy of radiological data compared to the real bone samples in nonmetric analysis and how the traits, especially skeletal anomalies, appear in the radiological record and specifically in CT images.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pitfalls of Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction Models in Cranial Nonmetric Analysis*

Bertoglio

Corradin

Cappella

et al. 2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Many studies in the literature have highlighted the utility of virtual 3D databanks as a substitute for real skeletal collections and the important application of radiological records in personal identification. However, none have investigated the accuracy of virtual material compared to skeletal remains in nonmetric variant analysis using 3D models. The present study investigates the accuracy of 20 computed tomography (CT) 3D reconstruction models compared to the real crania, focusing on the quality of the reproduction of the real crania and the possibility to detect 29 dental/cranial morphological variations in 3D images. An interobserver analysis was performed to evaluate trait identification, number, position, and shape. Results demonstrate a false bone loss in 3D models in some cranial regions, specifically the maxillary and occipital bones in 85% and 20% of the samples. Additional analyses revealed several difficulties in the detection of cranial nonmetric traits in 3D models, resulting in incorrect identification in circa 70% of the traits. In particular, pitfalls included the detection of erroneous position, error in presence/absence rates, in number, and in shape. The lowest percentages of correct evaluations were found in traits localized in the lateral side of the cranium and for the infraorbital suture, mastoid foramen, and crenulation. The present study highlights important pitfalls in CT scan when compared with the real crania for nonmetric analysis. This may have crucial consequences in cases where 3D databanks are used as a source of reference population data for nonmetric traits and pathologies and during bone-CT comparisons for identification purposes.

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Skull Sutures: Radiographic Contour of Wormian Bone as an Individualising Epigenetic Marker

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence of wormian bones worldwide: a critical review

Prevalence of wormian bones worldwide: a critical review

Radiography Superimposition in Personal Identification - A Case Study Involving Surgical Implants

Pitfalls of Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction Models in Cranial Nonmetric Analysis*

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