Slab Geometry and Upper Mantle Flow Patterns in the Central Mediterranean From 3D Anisotropic <i>P</i>‐Wave Tomography

Rappisi, Francesco; VanderBeek, Brandon; Faccenda, Manuele; Morelli, A.; Molinari, Irene

doi:10.1029/2021jb023488

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Wang & Zhao, 2021) and its forearc area (Z. Wang et al, 2022), northern Fennoscandia (Munzarová et al, 2018), Central Mediterranean (Rappisi et al, 2022), and Cascadia subduction zone (Liang et al, 2023). These studies have demonstrated that the tilting-axis anisotropy can reveal more complex 3-D mantle flow by reconciling the contradictory assumptions of azimuthal and radial anisotropies.…”

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confidence: 80%

“…Recently, a novel tomographic technique has been developed to reveal tilting‐axis anisotropy, with the HSA freely orientated in 3‐D space (Z. Wang & Zhao, 2021). So far, this type of techniques has successfully revealed the presence of tilting HSA beneath the Japanese region (Z. Wang & Zhao, 2021) and its forearc area (Z. Wang et al., 2022), northern Fennoscandia (Munzarová et al., 2018), Central Mediterranean (Rappisi et al., 2022), and Cascadia subduction zone (Liang et al., 2023). These studies have demonstrated that the tilting‐axis anisotropy can reveal more complex 3‐D mantle flow by reconciling the contradictory assumptions of azimuthal and radial anisotropies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Big Mantle Wedge and Intraplate Volcanism in Alaska: Insight From Anisotropic Tomography

Liang,

Zhao,

Hua

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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We determine high‐resolution tomographic models of isotropic P‐wave velocity (Vp) and tilting‐axis anisotropy of the Alaska subduction zone using a large number of local and teleseismic data recorded at many portable and permanent network stations in and around Alaska. We find a flat high‐Vp slab in the mantle transition zone (410–670 km depths) beneath western Alaska, which is connected with the subducting Pacific slab at 0–410 km depths, suggesting that a big mantle wedge has formed under western Alaska. Our tilting‐axis anisotropy model reveals complex mantle flows in the asthenosphere. Corner flow in the mantle wedge above the subducting Pacific slab and toroidal flow in the big mantle wedge are revealed, which may cause the Cenozoic intraplate volcanoes in western Alaska and the Bering Sea. In central Alaska, the mantle wedge beneath the Denali volcanic gap is characterized by high‐Vp and subhorizontal fast velocity directions normal to the volcanic arc, which may reflect a remnant of the subducted Yakutat slab. In SE Alaska, the shallow subduction of the Wrangell slab is visible above 150 km depth, and hot mantle upwelling through the Wrangell‐Yakutat slab gap may contribute to the Wrangell volcanic field.

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confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Mantle Wedge and Intraplate Volcanism in Alaska: Insight From Anisotropic Tomography

Liang,

Zhao,

Hua

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Interestingly, in models with trench-oblique mantle flow, larger differences in slab geometry have been reported (Chertova et al, 2018), as a response to more complex interactions between imposed and slab-induced mantle flows. The effect of trench-oblique mantle flow, although possible on Earth especially in areas with complex geometries (e.g., Mediterranean, Rappisi et al, 2022), was not addressed in our study. We can nevertheless anticipate that it may lead to more variability of along-strike slab geometry and in turn to more complex patterns of deformation of the upper plate.…”

Section: Slab Geometrymentioning

confidence: 97%

Role of Mantle Drag on the Tectonics of Subduction Zones: Insights From Laboratory Models

Geffroy,

Guillaume,

Simoes

et al. 2023

Tectonics

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Along convergent boundaries, the role played by mantle drag remains poorly understood despite its potential impact on subduction dynamics and in turn on the deformation regime of the overriding plate. In this study, we present 11 three‐dimensional analog models of subduction including an overriding plate, in which mantle drag at the base of the lower or upper plate results from an imposed unidirectional horizontal mantle flow perpendicular to the trench, and in which the plate opposite to the flow is fixed. We varied the direction and the velocity of the imposed horizontal mantle flow between 0 and 10 cm/yr to quantify its impact on horizontal and vertical upper plate deformation, velocities of plates and subduction, and slab geometry. In our experiments, we show that a mantle flow lower than 5 cm/yr tends to laterally translate the slab rather than to generate internal deformation, resulting in limited differences in slab geometries between models. We also show that plate velocity correlates linearly with the imposed mantle flow velocity and associated mantle drag. The upper plate most often deforms by trench‐orthogonal shortening, with shortening rates increasing linearly with mantle flow. Shortening rates are higher when mantle flow is directed toward the fixed upper plate and when the slab has not yet reached the upper‐lower mantle discontinuity. Minimum trench‐orthogonal shortening rates of 2.5 × 10−15 s−1 are required to thicken upper plates. This study suggests that mantle drag can exert first‐order controls on the dynamics of subduction zones and associated tectonics.

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“…The obtained 3-D numerical simulation results (e.g., Confal et al, 2018;Faccenda & Capitanio, 2013) and seismic tomographic models (e.g., VanderBeek & Faccenda, 2021;Wang & Zhao, 2021) are more consistent with various geophysical observations. The tilting-axis anisotropic tomography has been applied to investigate the detailed 3-D anisotropic structures beneath Japan Wang & Zhao, 2021), Cascadia (Liang et al, 2023), Central Mediterranean (Rappisi et al, 2022), and Alaska (Liang et al, 2024), providing new insights into subduction dynamics. Xie et al (2023) took in account the morphology of the subducting Australian slab to constrain the 3-D isotropic P-wave velocity (Vp) structure under Java.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tilting‐Axis Anisotropic Tomography and Subduction Dynamics of the Java‐Banda Arc

Xie,

Wang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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The 180° curvature of the Banda arc at the eastern end of the Java‐Banda subduction zone reflects complicated geodynamic processes. A detailed investigation of its anisotropic structure would reveal its subduction dynamics, further resolving the controversial issue on how the highly arcuate Banda arc formed. We apply tilting‐axis anisotropic tomography to obtain a high‐resolution 3‐D anisotropic model beneath the Java‐Banda region. Our results show significant differences between Java and Banda in the pattern of anisotropy in both the subducting slab and its surrounding mantle, which reflect two distinctly different deformation modes in the two domains. Our results support the single‐slab subduction model for the Banda region. In addition, trench‐normal and upright fast‐velocity‐planes appear in the deep upper mantle, which may indicate material migrations in the big mantle wedge. Fast‐velocity‐planes in the shallow mantle exhibit a toroidal distribution, reflecting past counter‐clockwise rotation and asthenospheric material extrusion.

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Slab Geometry and Upper Mantle Flow Patterns in the Central Mediterranean From 3D Anisotropic P‐Wave Tomography

Cited by 28 publications

References 102 publications

Big Mantle Wedge and Intraplate Volcanism in Alaska: Insight From Anisotropic Tomography

Big Mantle Wedge and Intraplate Volcanism in Alaska: Insight From Anisotropic Tomography

Role of Mantle Drag on the Tectonics of Subduction Zones: Insights From Laboratory Models

Tilting‐Axis Anisotropic Tomography and Subduction Dynamics of the Java‐Banda Arc

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